ArticleWorld journal of surgery2022
Cross-Sectional Analysis of 180,595 Lower Limb Amputations in the State of Sao Paulo Over 12 Years.
Article in World journal of surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trend and burden of lower-limb amputations due to diabetes: time series analysis, Amazonas, 2012-2021.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2026Article
- Diabetes-Associated Major Limb Amputation in Solomon Islands: A National, 5-Year Retrospective Study.World journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Benefits of Cilostazol's Effect on Vascular and Neuropathic Complications Caused by Diabetes.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLower limb amputations represent a high social, economic and health burden. Most of them are preventable and reflect areas for improvement in health care, making it essential to know their epidemiology. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis is a retrospective population-based cross-sectional analysis on all lower limb amputations performed in public hospitals in Sao Paulo between 2009 and 2020, the most populous Brazilian state, with 46 million inhabitants. Using a public database, we evaluated types, rates and trends of the amputations performed, main etiologies leading to the indication for amputation, hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality rates, demographics of the amputees and procedure costs.
resultsIn total, 180,595 lower limb amputations and surgical revision of amputations were performed, with toe amputations (45%) and major amputations (33%) being the most frequent types of surgeries, with a recent significant increase in the rates for both these procedures. Peripheral artery disease was the most frequent etiology, followed by diabetes mellitus, with both showing an upward trend over the years. Most patients were male (69.3%), Caucasians (55.6%) and elderly. August was the month with the highest number of amputations in all years. Overall in-hospital mortality after lower limb amputations was 6.6%. Total reimbursed by the government was US$ 67,675,875.55.
conclusionsPeripheral artery disease is the most frequent underlying diagnosis for lower limb amputations, followed by diabetes mellitus, with both showing an upward trend over the years. We observed seasonality in procedure rates, with peaks in August in all years.
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