ArticleBMC public health2022
The effects of seasonal variations on household water security and burden of diarrheal diseases among under 5 children in an urban community, Southwest Nigeria.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and risk factors of diarrhea among young children in Kenya's drylands: A longitudinal study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Exploring Water Storage Practices and Determinants for Sustainable Water Supply in Tropical Environments: Advancing SDG 6 Implementation.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
- Unbalanced Macronutrient Intakes, Multiple Micronutrient Inadequacies, and Diarrhea Underscore Low-Height-for-Age in Indigenous Panamanian Preschool Children.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Seasonal variations in public perceptions of diphtheria in Northern Nigeria.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in a Conflict Area: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Kordofan, Sudan.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Suboptimal Bacteriological Quality of Household Water in Municipal Ibadan, Nigeria.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHousehold water security encompasses water-related factors that pose threats to public health at the household level. It presents a reliable access to water in sufficient quantity and quality towards meeting basic human needs. This study assessed the dynamics of seasonal variations in household water security and the association between household water security and diarrheal disease across dry and wet seasons in an urban settlement in Southwest Nigeria.
methodsA panel study design was employed to study 180 households selected using a multistage sampling technique. The selected households were studied during dry and rainy seasons. Household water security was assessed through the application of the all or none principle to 9 indicators associated with household water security. The intensity of water insecurity was also assessed using the nine indicators. The higher the number of indicators a household failed, the higher the intensity of household water insecurity. The association between the intensity of household water insecurity and the burden of diarrheal disease across the seasons was assessed using the Mantel-Haenszel test.
resultsNo household was water-secure in both dry and rainy seasons; however, the intensity of insecurity was more pronounced during the dry season compared with the rainy season. Ninety households (52.0%), had water insecurity intensity scores above fifty percentiles during the dry season while 21 (12.1%) households had a water insecurity score above the 50th percentile during raining season, p < 0.001. The burden of diarrheal disease was significantly higher among households with a water insecurity intensity score above the 50th percentile, 9 (8.1%) compared to households with a water insecurity intensity score below the 50th percentile 7 (3.0%), p = 0.034. There was no statistically significant association between the intensity of water insecurity and diarrheal disease burden across the dry and rainy seasons, p = 0.218.
conclusionThe high burden of household water insecurity deserves concerted efforts from all concerned stakeholders, a panacea to an important health threat in the developing world.
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