ArticlePloS one2022
The future health and economic burden of obesity-attributable type 2 diabetes and liver disease among the working-age population in Saudi Arabia.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Economic costs of obesity: a systematic review.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Pooled it
- Exploring Meaning-Making and Identity Transformation Among Adults Living with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Prevalence of economic burden of overweight and obesity and their associated factors in Saudi Arabia.Asian biomedicine : research, reviews and news · 2026Article
- Burden of chronic diseases and associated risk factors among adults in Saudi Arabia: results from a national telephone survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The rising burden of obesity-linked cancers in Saudi Arabia: a public health review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Developing count regression techniques for predicting the number of new type 2 diabetes cases in Saudi Arabia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Association between leptin gene polymorphisms and hematological metabolic parameters in obese Saudi adults.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The Economic Cost of Type 2 Diabetes in Indonesia: A Systematic Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Review
- Prevalence, awareness, attitudes, practices, and associated factors of obesity among adults in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2025Article
- The Burden of Obesity in Saudi Arabia: A Real-World Cost-of-Illness Study.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2025Article
- Assessment of ChatGPT-generated medical Arabic responses for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Early Detection of Glioma: Investigating Inflammatory Markers (CRP), Kidney, and Liver Function.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2025Article
- Article
- A systematic review of obesity burden in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and associated co-morbidities.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Review
- Stigma in steatotic liver disease: A survey of patients from Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2024Article
- The burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and viral hepatitis in Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2024Article
- Self-Perceived Nutritional Competency of Primary Healthcare Physicians in Qassim, Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2024Article
- Article
- Exploring the Validity of Available Markers and Indices in the Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in People with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundObesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are increasing in Saudi Arabia (SA). Among other conditions, these risk factors increase the likelihood of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which in turn increases risks for advanced liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and cancer. The goal of this study was to quantify the health and economic burden of obesity-attributable T2DM and liver disease in SA.
methodsWe developed a microsimulation of the SA population to quantify the future incidence and direct health care costs of obesity-attributable T2DM and liver disease, including liver cancer. Model inputs included population demographics, body mass index, incidence, mortality and direct health care costs of T2DM and liver disease and relative risks of each condition as a function of BMI category. Model outputs included age- and sex-disaggregated incidence of obesity-attributable T2DM and liver disease and their direct health care costs for SA's working-age population (20-59 years) between 2020 and 2040.
resultsBetween 2020 and 2040, the available data predicts 1,976,593 [± 1834] new cases of T2DM, 285,346 [±874] new cases of chronic liver diseases, and 2,101 [± 150] new cases of liver cancer attributable to obesity, amongst working-age people. By 2040, the direct health care costs of these obesity-attributable diseases are predicted to be 127,956,508,540 [± 51,882,446] USD.
conclusionsThe increase in obesity-associated T2DM and liver disease emphasises the urgent need for obesity interventions and strategies to meaningfully reduce the future health and economic burden of T2DM, chronic liver diseases and liver cancer in SA.
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