ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2022
Understanding the Diversity of Pharmacotherapeutic Management of ADHD With Co-occurring Autism: An Australian Cross-Sectional Survey.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Youth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- A precision health approach to medication management in neurodevelopmental conditions: a model development and validation study using four international cohorts.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Performance of Autism Screening and Diagnostic Instruments Among Children with ADHD: A Systematic Review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- The distribution of parent-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and subclinical autistic traits in children with and without an ADHD diagnosis.JCPP advances · 2024Article
- Age at diagnosis and diagnostic delay across attention-deficit hyperactivity and autism spectrums.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Distinct Frontoparietal Brain Dynamics Underlying the Co-Occurrence of Autism and ADHD.eNeuro · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occurs with other neurodevelopmental diagnoses, such as autism spectrum disorder (autism), which can make clinical decision making around symptom management challenging for clinicians. There is a paucity of research examining pharmacotherapeutic management of children who have ADHD with co-occurring diagnoses. We aimed to report on the co-occurring diagnoses and symptom profile of children, and report on medication use, stratified by ADHD, autism and ADHD + autism diagnoses. Methods and Materials: Caregivers of 505 children (2-18 years) with ADHD ( Results: The parents of the ADHD group reported a higher proportion of their children had learning disorders (17.15%) and speech and language disorders (4.60%) compared to the parents of the autism and ADHD + autism groups. Parents of the ADHD + autism group reported higher proportions of intellectual disability (5.37%), oppositional defiant disorder (20.13%), anxiety (38.93%), depression (6.71%) and genetic conditions (3.36%) in their children, in comparison to the parents of the ADHD and autism groups. Children with ADHD were reported to be taking a higher proportion of psychotropic medication (90%), followed by ADHD + autism (86%) and autism (39%). The parents of children with ADHD + autism reported a higher proportion of non-stimulant ADHD medication (25.5%), antipsychotic (18.79%), antidepressant (22.15%) and melatonin (31.54%) use by their children, compared to the parents of the ADHD and autism groups. Conclusions: A similar proportion of children with ADHD + autism and ADHD were reported to be taking medication. However, the types of medication taken were different, as expected with reported co-occurring diagnoses. The complexity of symptoms and diagnoses in ADHD + autism warrants targeted research to optimize management and therapeutic outcomes.
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