ArticleBMC pharmacology & toxicology2022
Intratesticular versus intraperitoneal injection of Busulfan for the induction of azoospermia in a rat model.
Article in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of animal models on translating male infertility research from bench to bedside: a narrative review.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2026Review
- Targeted activation of Nrf2 via sulforaphane-loaded exosomes attenuated azoospermic condition in the rat model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A Comparative Analysis of Intratesticular Versus Intra-Epididymal Injections of Clove Essential Oil on Male Dog Sterilization.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- 5-ALA/FeFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Theoretical and preliminary experimental investigations on the interactions between sugar cryptand and treosulfan.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Edible Bird Nest Supplementation Enhances Male Reproductive Function: Current Insights and Future Horizons.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Testicular weight deficits, altered variables of antioxidant defense system, spermatogenesis impairment, and inflammation induced by busulfan injection are ameliorated by gallic acid administration in rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Letrozole and Crocin: Protecting Leydig Cells and Modulating Androgen Receptor and CYP19 Gene Expression in Busulfan-Induced Azoospermia.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Busulfan Chemotherapy Downregulates TAF7/TNF-α Signaling in Male Germ Cell Dysfunction.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Experimental accelerating testicular tissue recovery post-methotrexate treatment in rats: A promising role of Sertoli cell-conditioned medium: An experimental study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdministration of antineoplastic drugs may cause azoospermia driving to subfertility. Production of animal azoospermia models is essential for evaluating new treatment methods before therapeutic interventions in human setup. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of Busulfan (an anticancer drug) on some vital organs and describe the best method and appropriate dose of Busulfan to induce an animal azoospermia model.
methodsRats were randomly assigned into four groups, treatment groups received 10 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg Busulfan intraperitoneally (IP), 5 mg/kg Busulfan intratesticular (IT), and control group. Blood, bone marrow, liver, renal, and testes samples were collected for histological (H&E staining), biochemical (serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, and urea), and hematological analyses.
resultsResults revealed severe anemia and leukopenia in rats that received Busulfan via IP. By contrast, injection of 5 mg/kg Busulfan via IT did not cause anemia except with a mild decrease in RBC count. Non-significant differences in the M/E ratio were observed in all groups. The administration of 40 mg/kg of Busulfan led to evacuation and destruction in the spermatogenesis process with thin-walled seminiferous epithelium in most tubules, but in rats treated with 10 mg/kg of Busulfan, the normal spermatogenesis process was notified. IT injection of Busulfan contributed to the complete degradation of spermatogenesis in which all spermatogenic cells degenerated. In the renal tissue, hyperemia, extensive tubular necrosis degeneration, and hyaline casts were found after IP injection of Busulfan. In hepatic tissue, focal hemorrhagic, chronic cholangitis, and hepatocyte degeneration, and swelling were noticed. Biochemical analysis revealed apparent Busulfan toxicity of both hepatic and renal tissues in IP Busulfan-treated rats.
conclusionsIn summary, we found that the intratesticular injection of low doses of Busulfan (5 mg/kg) is a relatively non-invasive and safe method for producing the rat azoospermia model causing the least toxicity on vital organs.
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