ArticleBiotech (Basel (Switzerland))2021
The 3Rs Principle in Animal Experimentation: A Legal Review of the State of the Art in Europe and the Case in Italy.
Article in Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
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- DABPU-DE targeting host adipose triglyceride lipase provides broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus effectsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- USP7 promotes temozolomide resistance by stabilizing MGMT in glioblastoma.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
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- Animals as Architects: Building the Future of Technology-Supported Rehabilitation with Biomimetic Principles.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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- Toxicological evaluation of microbial secondary metabolites in the context of European active substance approval for plant protection products.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2024Review
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- Hybrid biofabricated blood vessel for medical devices testing.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2024Article
- Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- Research in the Field of Drug Design and Development.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Illu-Shoal Choice: An Exploration of Different Means for Enrichment of Captive Zebrafish.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- What We Learned about the Feasibility of Gene Electrotransfer for Vaccination on a Model of COVID-19 Vaccine.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- A Novel Ex Vivo Model to Study Therapeutic Treatments for Myelin Repair following Ischemic Damage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Attending veterinarians improve the research capability and psychological well-being of researchers in animal research institutes.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Machine learning-based segmentation of the rodent hippocampal CA2 area from Nissl-stained sections.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2023Article
- Establishing an economical and widely accessible donation after circulatory death animal abattoir model for lung research using ex vivo lung perfusion.Artificial organs · 2022Article
- Bioengineered Wound Healing Skin Models: The Role of Immune Response and Endogenous ECM to Fully Replicate the Dynamic of Scar Tissue Formation In Vitro.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to describe the essential points of Italian and European legislation governing the use of animals in biomedical experimentation. A close look will be taken at the principles of the 3Rs, which represent the mainstay of the legal architecture based on which a correct interpretation may be drawn of the legislative documents on animal experimentation. Furthermore, this paper will address the ways in which Directive 2010/63/EU is implemented in Italian legislation on the welfare of laboratory animals. In addition to an assessment of legal issues (such as the scope of jurisdiction of supervisory authorities tasked with issuing authorizations), it will include a discussion of cases of inadequate and insufficient implementation of the requirements laid down by Directive 2010/63/EU. Both the consistency of the interpretation of national legislation with the Directive and the direct effectiveness of the Directive in national law, in which animal testing has been and still is the subject of heated debate between supporters and opponents, will be examined.
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