ArticleOpen veterinary journal
Serum digoxin concentrations in dogs with atrial fibrillation under long term digoxin treatment.
Article in Open veterinary journal. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondria-Related Genome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Putatively Genes for Chronic Fatigue.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Association between the risk of heart failure hospitalization and end-stage renal disease with digoxin usage in patients with cardiorenal syndrome: A population-based study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in dogs, most frequently diagnosed as chronic AF associated with a structural heart disease. The therapeutic strategy, in these cases, is based on the heart rate control and digoxin is one of the most used drugs. Aim: The aim of this work was to study the serum digoxin concentration changes in dogs with AF under long-term treatment with digoxin. Furthermore, the remission of clinical signs and the correlation between digoxinemia and other clinical and laboratory variables were retrospectively evaluated. Methods: The prospective study was conducted on seven large breed dogs from the time of reaching the definitive digoxin dosage. Digoxinemia was determined at month: 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, then twice a year. A Results: An unexpected increase in digoxin serum concentration was recorded in three dogs after one year monitoring, in absence of digoxin dosage changes. No statistical significance of all the studied variables on the risk to develop spikes of digoxinemia was registered. Two dogs, reaching digoxinemia 4.46 and 5.24 ng/ml, showed symptoms that reversed after digoxin withdrawal. From retrospective data, 88% of dogs reached complete reverse of AF clinical signs in 2.1 months from digoxin treatment starting, regardless of digoxin initial dosage, digoxinemia, and heart rate. Conclusion: Digoxin in monotherapy remain a good option to treat AF in dogs, anyway digoxin toxicity could emerge during long-term therapy, similarly to what happen in human medicine. Life-threatening spikes of digoxinemia could occur, especially after 1-year treatment with digoxin. It is very important that practitioners be aware of this possibility and encourage the owners to monitor digoxinemia during long-term treatment to avoid dangerous and toxic effects.
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