Trial reportScientific reports2022
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves neurocognitive functions and symptoms of post-COVID condition: randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06118138 (Observational Study of Hyperbaric High Pressure Oxygen Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 79 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Observational Study of Hyperbaric High Pressure Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) in Patients With Post-COVID Syndrome (PCS) and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of physical, psychological, and alternative interventions for post-COVID-19 condition: a systematic review.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of interventions for the management of sleep disturbances in patients with long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions for the management of long covid (post-covid condition): living systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic review of interventions for mental health, cognition and psychological well-being in long COVID.BMJ mental health · 2024Pooled it
- Research evidence on the management of the cognitive impairment component of the post-COVID condition: a qualitative systematic review.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Pooled it
- Intervention modalities for brain fog caused by long-COVID: systematic review of the literature.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- Cognitive Rehabilitation and Functional Outcomes in Long COVID-Related Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Metabolic reprogramming of endothelial-related pathways in COVID-19 patients treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Synergistic effects of immediate post-sprint interval training low-dose hyperbaric oxygen on aerobic and anaerobic performance and recovery indicators: a four-week randomized controlled trial.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Hyperbaric oxygen intervention enhances cooperative gains in high-trust people at high altitude: the role of medial prefrontal interbrain synchrony.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effect of normobaric and hyperbaric hyperoxia treatment on symptoms and cognitive capacities in Long COVID patients: a randomised placebo-controlled, prospective, double-blind trial.Diving and hyperbaric medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- A double-blind randomized trial of hyperbaric oxygen for persistent symptoms after brain injury.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy vs. pharmacological intervention in adults with fibromyalgia related to childhood sexual abuse: prospective, randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Long term outcomes of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post covid condition: longitudinal follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on myocardial function in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for long COVID (HOT-LoCO), an interim safety report from a randomised controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on functional and structural connectivity in post-COVID-19 condition patients: A randomized, sham-controlled trial.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2022Trial
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Post-COVID-19 condition refers to a range of persisting physical, neurocognitive, and neuropsychological symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The mechanism can be related to brain tissue pathology caused by virus invasion or indirectly by neuroinflammation and hypercoagulability. This randomized, sham-control, double blind trial evaluated the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT or HBO2 therapy) on post-COVID-19 patients with ongoing symptoms for at least 3 months after confirmed infection. Seventy-three patients were randomized to receive daily 40 session of HBOT (n = 37) or sham (n = 36). Follow-up assessments were performed at baseline and 1-3 weeks after the last treatment session. Following HBOT, there was a significant group-by-time interaction in global cognitive function, attention and executive function (d = 0.495, p = 0.038; d = 0.477, p = 0.04 and d = 0.463, p = 0.05 respectively). Significant improvement was also demonstrated in the energy domain (d = 0.522, p = 0.029), sleep (d = - 0.48, p = 0.042), psychiatric symptoms (d = 0.636, p = 0.008), and pain interference (d = 0.737, p = 0.001). Clinical outcomes were associated with significant improvement in brain MRI perfusion and microstructural changes in the supramarginal gyrus, left supplementary motor area, right insula, left frontal precentral gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and superior corona radiate. These results indicate that HBOT can induce neuroplasticity and improve cognitive, psychiatric, fatigue, sleep and pain symptoms of patients suffering from post-COVID-19 condition. HBOT's beneficial effect may be attributed to increased brain perfusion and neuroplasticity in regions associated with cognitive and emotional roles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.