ArticleMucosal immunology2022
Mucosal viral infection induces a regulatory T cell activation phenotype distinct from tissue residency in mouse and human tissues.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory T cells restrain IL-15-mediated cytotoxic and bystander T cell activity in mucosal tissue without compromising antigen-driven memory.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Genital herpes shedding episodes associate with altered spatial organization and activation of mucosal immune cells.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Selenium as a Modulator of Reproductive Immunity: Molecular Insights and Translational Potential in Livestock.Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene · 2025Review
- Exploring the vaginal ecosystem: insights into host-microbe interactions and microbial community dynamics.Infection and immunity · 2025Review
- Pregnancy-acquired memory CD4Nature communications · 2025Article
- Mucosal tissue NK cells tune their function between optimal anti-pathogen activity and tissue protection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Maintenance and functional regulation of immune memory to COVID-19 vaccines in tissues.Immunity · 2024Article
- A Noninvasive Method to Sample Immune Cells in the Lower Female Genital Tract Using Menstrual Discs.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- Impact of aging on the frequency, phenotype, and function of CD4+ T cells in the human female reproductive tract.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Advances and challenges in studying the tissue-resident T cell compartment in the human female reproductive tract.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) mediate immune homeostasis, yet also facilitate nuanced immune responses during infection, balancing pathogen control while limiting host inflammation. Recent studies have identified Treg populations in non-lymphoid tissues that are phenotypically distinct from Tregs in lymphoid tissues (LT), including performance of location-dependent roles. Mucosal tissues serve as critical barriers to microbes while performing unique physiologic functions, so we sought to identify distinct phenotypical and functional aspects of mucosal Tregs in the female reproductive tract. In healthy human and mouse vaginal mucosa, we found that Tregs are highly activated compared to blood or LT Tregs. To determine if this phenotype reflects acute activation or a general signature of vaginal tract (VT)-residency, we infected mice with HSV-2 to discover that VT Tregs express granzyme-B (GzmB) and acquire a VT Treg signature distinct from baseline. To determine the mechanisms that drive GzmB expression, we performed ex vivo assays to reveal that a combination of type-I interferons and interleukin-2 is sufficient for GzmB expression. Together, we highlight that VT Tregs are activated at steady state and become further activated in response to infection; thus, they may exert robust control of local immune responses, which could have implications for mucosal vaccine design.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.