ArticleOncogenesis2022
MicroRNA-21 is immunosuppressive and pro-metastatic via separate mechanisms.
Article in Oncogenesis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-Coding RNA-Based Therapeutic Strategies in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Accuracy of MiRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Metastasis of triple negative breast cancer is regulated by a targetable miR-342-E2F network.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Translational issues with phototherapy of cancer.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Urinary Profiles of Exosomal LINE-1 mRNA and Associated miRNAs in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Cells · 2026Article
- The Role of MicroRNAs Carried by Extracellular Vesicles in Tumorigenesis Through Reprogramming the Mitochondrial Information Processing System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Integrating multi-omics data for next-generation cancer research and precision medicine.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Review
- Senescent cells in systemic aging: SASP heterogeneity, immune escape, and endocrine modulation.Biogerontology · 2026Review
- MiR-21 Is a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Circulating Biomarker in Pleural Mesothelioma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Quantitative oncogene-mapping within malignant tumors through Multi-parameter MRI based on RNA-triggered nanoprobes.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Disease: Redefining Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of stem cells · 2026Review
- Therapeutic microRNAs: Mechanisms, Delivery, and Clinical Translation in Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeted Inhibition of Oncogenic microRNAs miR-21, miR-17, and miR-155 Suppresses Tumor Growth and Modulates Immune Response in Colorectal Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis of hsa-miR-21 in Breast Cancer Reveals a Prognostic Hub-Gene Signature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Interplay between microRNAs and TGF-β signaling in T cells: implications for Th9 differentiation and immune pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Pancreatic cancer immunotherapy biomarkers: from traditional markers to multimodal integration and dynamic monitoring.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Theranostic potential of MXene-based platforms for dual MiRNA targeting in metastatic bladder cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicle-derived miR21 of non-tumoral origin as early diagnostic marker of glioma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
MiR-21 was identified as a gene whose expression correlated with the extent of metastasis of murine mammary tumours. Since miR-21 is recognised as being associated with poor prognosis in cancer, we investigated its contribution to mammary tumour growth and metastasis in tumours with capacity for spontaneous metastasis. Unexpectedly, we found that suppression of miR-21 activity in highly metastatic tumours resulted in regression of primary tumour growth in immunocompetent mice but did not impede growth in immunocompromised mice. Analysis of the immune infiltrate of the primary tumours at the time when the tumours started to regress revealed an influx of both CD4
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.