ArticleParasites & vectors2022
Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in meat-producing animals in Iran.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-resolution melting (HRM)-based genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in meat products: comparative evaluation of ROP18, ROP5, and B1 gene markers.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Molecular detection and genetic characterization ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2025Article
- Molecular investigation of Sarcocystis spp., and Toxoplasma gondii in meat products in Iran.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Investigation of the Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Meat, Meat Organs, Milk, Dairy Products and Eggs in Different Animals, in Iran.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Review
- Serological and Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii Among Slaughtered Domestic Ruminants in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Toxoplasmosis in Sheep Caused byAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Molecular detection and genotyping ofVeterinary and animal science · 2024Article
- Molecular evidence ofItalian journal of food safety · 2024Article
- Comparison of Direct and Indirect Detection ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors ofBiomedicines · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe consumption of uncooked or undercooked food from infected intermediate hosts can result in Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans. However, few studies have investigated the genetic diversity of this protozoan parasite in Iran. The aim of the present study was to genetically characterize isolates of T. gondii from intermediate host animals in Mazandaran Province, Iran.
methodsBlood and heart tissue samples were collected from 204 ruminants, and brain tissue was collected from 335 birds. The prevalence of T. gondii infection in these samples was determined serologically using the modified agglutination test and by conventional PCR assays. Those PCR samples positive for T. gondii DNA and 13 DNA samples extracted from aborted fetuses in a previous study were genotyped with 12 genetic markers using the multilocus-nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (Mn-PCR-RFLP) technique.
resultsAntibodies for parasites were found in 35.7% of the ruminant (39.1% of sheep and 26.4% of goats) samples and in 51.3% of the bird (100% of geese, 52.3% of free-range chickens and 46% of ducks) samples. Molecular detection by PCR of the repetitive 529-bp DNA fragment revealed contamination of 13.2% of ruminant (14.6% of sheep and 9.4% of goats) samples and of 9.6% of bird (11.1% of chickens, 5.7% of ducks and 0% of geese samples). The results from 30 DNA samples revealed five ToxoDB (genome database for the genus Toxoplasma) PCR-RFLP genotypes, including #1 (Type II), #2 (Type III), #10 (Type I), #27 and #48, with genotype #1 the most predominant.
conclusionsAs evidenced by the results of this study, ruminants and birds are infected with T. gondii in the region, suggesting that they are likely to be involved in the transmission of T. gondii to humans through meat consumption. The identification of different genotypes may suggest a higher genetic diversity of this parasite in Mazandaran, reflecting local environmental contamination. These results have important public health implications for the prevention and control strategies of infection.
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