ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2022
The effects of greenness exposure on hypertension incidence among Chinese oldest-old: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between green space exposure and elderly health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of Urban Built Environment with Cardiovascular Risks and Mortality: a Systematic Review.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Association of residential greenness and Life's Essential 8 with cardiovascular disease in China.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Association of long-term exposure to green space with cardiovascular health and the mediating role of triglyceride-glucose in dex in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a nationwide cohort study.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2026Article
- Exploring effects of greenness and extreme heat exposure on hypertension incidence in elderly Chinese: a national cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Geo-behavioural predictors of diagnosed hypertension in Igbo Ora Area, Oyo State, Nigeria.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Environmental determinants of cerebral haemorrhage in older adults: behavioural pathways and population health implications.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Association Between Resting Heart Rate and the Risk of Incident Hypertension Among Older Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Exposure to Neighborhood Greenness and Hypertension Incidence in Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in Taiwan.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Lower regional urbanicity and socioeconomic status attenuate associations of green spaces with hypertension and diabetes mellitus: a national representative cross-sectional study in China.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Association of SOFrontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Association between smoking and hypertension under different PMFrontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the oldest-old (those aged over 80 years) are vulnerable to environmental factors and have the highest prevalence of hypertension, studies focusing on greenness exposure and the development of hypertension among them are insufficient. The aim of this study was to explore the association between residential greenness and hypertension in the oldest-old population.
methodsThis cohort study included data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The oldest-old were free of hypertension at baseline (2008), and hypertension events were assessed by follow-up surveys in 2011, 2014, and 2018. The one-year averages of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) at 500-m buffer before the interview year of incident hypertension or last censoring interview were collected at the level of 652 residential units (district or county). The linear or nonlinear association between greenness and hypertension incidence was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model with penalized splines. The linear links between greenness and hypertension incidence were determined using the Cox proportional hazards model included a random effect term.
resultsAmong 5253 participants, the incidence rate of hypertension was 7.25 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.83-7.67) per 100 person-years. We found a nonlinear association between greenness exposure and hypertension risk, and the exposure-response curve showed that 1 change point existed. We examined the linear effect of greenness on hypertension by categorizing the NDVI/EVI into low and high-level exposure areas according to the change point. We found more notable protective effects of each 0.1-unit increase in greenness on hypertension incidence for participants living in the high-level greenness areas (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.53-0.70 for NDVI; HR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.37-0.57 for EVI). In contrast, no significant influence of greenness exposure on hypertension risk was found for participants living in the low-level greenness areas (HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.38-1.55 for NDVI; HR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.33-1.63 for EVI).
conclusionsGreenness exposure is nonlinearly associated with hypertension risk among the oldest-old, presenting its relationship in an inverse "U-shaped" curve. Greenness is a protective factor that decreases the risk of hypertension.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.