ArticleDiabetes care2022
Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Incident Dementia: Role of Number and Age at Measurement of Components in a 28-Year Follow-up of the Whitehall II Cohort Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Independent and Combined Effects of Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases on the Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies Involving 8,276,914 Participants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Metabolic syndrome and risk of incident all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- High intake of ultra-processed food is associated with dementia in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Metabolic Syndrome and Dementia Risk in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- Towards a Multidimensional Model of Neurocognitive Disorders (MOND Model): Integrating Evidence from a Critical Review into a Model for Future Research.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Metabolic syndrome is associated with accelerated brain aging.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Effects of Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status on Cognitive Function: A 10-Year Study in a Middle-Aged Population.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- A phenome-wide hunt for risk factors of Alzheimer's disease: from metabolic clues to neuroimaging evidence.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Association of mild cognitive impairment and obesity-metabolic status in middle-aged and elderly adults: a nationwide prospective cohort study.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Metabolic syndrome and perioperative neurocognitive disorders: epidemiology, mechanisms, and interventions.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- The olfactory-glymphatic syndrome: linking smell dysfunction, cognitive impairment and sleep disturbances in neuropathological disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Association of metabolic syndrome severity with cognitive decline among Chinese older adults: evidence from two prospective cohort studies.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Metabolic syndrome and risk of dementia and cognitive decline: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies from 6,753,197 participants.GeroScience · 2025Review
- Linking Metabolic Syndrome to Neurodegeneration Mechanisms and Potential Treatments.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Changes in adiposity indices over 10 years and risk of type 2 diabetes: The Whitehall II cohort study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Association of genetic scores related to insulin resistance with neurological outcomes in ancestrally diverse cohorts from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Risk factors for dementia and cognitive impairment within 5 years after stroke: a prospective multicentre cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- The obesity paradox in cognitive decline: Impact of BMI dynamics and APOE genotypes across various cognitive status.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Which adiposity index is best? Comparison of five indicators and their ability to identify type 2 diabetes risk in a population study.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- The interaction between circadian syndrome and genetic susceptibility in the risk of incident dementia: A longitudinal cohort study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePrevious research suggests an inconsistent association between Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and incident dementia. We examined the role of number of MetS components and age at their assessment for incident dementia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsMetS components (fasting glucose, triglycerides, waist circumference, blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol) on 7,265, 6,660, and 3,608 participants at <60, 60 to <70, and ≥70 years of age were used to examine associations with incident dementia using cause-specific Cox regression.
resultsAnalyses of MetS measured at <60, 60 to <70, and ≥70 years involved 393 (5.4%), 497 (7.5%), and 284 (7.9%) dementia cases over a median follow-up of 20.8, 10.4, and 4.2 years, respectively. Every additional MetS component before 60 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13 [95% CI 1.05, 1.23]) and 60 to <70 (HR 1.08 [95% CI 1.00, 1.16]) but not ≥70 years (HR 1.04 [95% CI 0.96, 1.13]) was associated with higher dementia risk. MetS defined conventionally (≥3 components) before 60 years (HR 1.23 [95% CI 0.96, 1.57]), between 60 and 70 years (HR 1.14 [95% CI 0.91, 1.42]), or >70 years of age (HR 1.10 [95% CI 0.86, 1.40]) was not associated with incident dementia. Multistate models showed higher risk of dementia in those with ≥1 (HR 1.99 [95% CI 1.08, 3.66]) and ≥2 MetS components (HR 1.69 [95% CI 1.12, 2.56]) before 60 years of age, even when they remained free of cardiovascular disease over the follow-up.
conclusionsRisk of incident dementia increases with every additional MetS component present in midlife rather than after accumulation of three components; only part of this risk is mediated by cardiovascular disease.
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