ArticleSpine deformity2022
Readability assessment of patient educational materials for pediatric spinal deformity from top academic orthopedic institutions.
Article in Spine deformity, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating and Validating Large Language Models for Health Education on Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: 2-Phase Study With Expert Ratings and a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Evaluation and Comparison of Large Language Model Responses to Frequently Asked Questions Regarding Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Quality and Readability Assessment Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Training a Bilingual Artificial Intelligence Model on Pediatric Orthopaedic Resources to Enhance the Readability of Patient Education Materials.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2026Article
- Performance of AI-Chatbots to Common Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMDs) Patient Queries: Accuracy, Completeness, Reliability and Readability.Orthodontics & craniofacial research · 2025Article
- Dr Google: Which Parents are Performing the Most Online Research Prior to the First Clinic Visit?Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2025Article
- The ABCs of PEMs: Using Artificial Intelligence to Enhance the Readability of Patient Educational Materials in Pediatric Orthopaedics.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2025Article
- Readability assessment of patient education materials on autonomic dysreflexia.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2025Article
- The role of large language models in improving the readability of orthopaedic spine patient educational material.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- ChatGPT-3.5 and -4.0 Do Not Reliably Create Readable Patient Education Materials for Common Orthopaedic Upper- and Lower-Extremity Conditions.Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Modern Digital Query Analytics of Patient Education Materials on Acanthosis Nigricans: Systematic Search and Content Analysis.JMIR dermatology · 2025Article
- Readability Metrics in Patient Education: Where Do We Innovate?Clinics and practice · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
designCross-sectional analysis of patient educational materials from top pediatric orthopedic hospital websites.
objectiveTo assess the readability of online educational materials of top pediatric orthopedic hospital websites for pediatric spinal deformity. The internet has become an increasingly popular source of health information for patients and their families. Healthcare experts recommend that the readability of online education materials be at or below a 6
methodsOnline patient education materials from the top 25 pediatric orthopedic institutions, as ranked by the U.S. News and World Report hospitals for pediatric orthopedics, were accessed utilizing the following readability assessments: Flesch-Kincaid (FK), Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning Fog Index, Coleman-Liau Index, Simple Measure of the Gobbledygook Index (SMOG), Automated Readability Index, FORCAST, and the New Dale and Chall Readability. Correlations between academic institutional ranking, geographic location, and the use of concomitant multi-media modalities with FK scores were evaluated using a Spearman regression.
resultsOnly 48% (12 of 25) of top pediatric orthopedic hospitals provided online information regarding pediatric spinal deformity at or below a 6
conclusionOnline educational material for pediatric spinal deformity from top pediatric orthopedic institutional websites are associated with poor readability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.