ReviewHuman immunology2023
The respective relevance of sensitization to alloantigens and xenoantigens in pig organ xenotransplantation.
Review in Human immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proteomic Identification of Pig Xenoantigens for Clinical Xenotransplantation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Gene-edited pig cardiac xenotransplantation as a bridge to allotransplantation in infants: Progress in a pig-to-baboon model.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2026Article
- Xenotransplantation: lessons from history, genetic engineering, and early clinical experience-an interview with Dr. David K. C. Cooper.Frontiers in transplantation · 2026Article
- Plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin prolonged the survival of a porcine kidney xenograft in a sensitized, brain-dead human recipient.Chinese medical journal · 2025Article
- Future Therapy for End-Stage Kidney Failure: Gene-Edited Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation.Kidney medicine · 2025Review
- The Future of Pig Liver Xenotransplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Xenotransplantation Research -the Nonhuman Primate Model Is Preferable to the Human Decedent Model.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- The Time Has Come: The Case for Initiating Pilot Clinical Trials of Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation.Annals of surgery · 2024Article
- Pretransplant Screening for Prevention of Hyperacute Graft Loss in Pig-to-primate Kidney Xenotransplantation.Transplantation · 2024Article
- A brief review of the current status of pig islet xenotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Clinical Pig Heart Xenotransplantation-Where Do We Go From Here?Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- The potential of cardiac xenotransplantation for management of infants with complex congenital heart disease.Translational pediatrics · 2023Review
- Consensus statement on heart xenotransplantation in children: Toward clinical translation.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2023Article
- Milestones on the path to clinical pig organ xenotransplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023Review
- Cardiac xenotransplantation: from concept to clinic.Cardiovascular research · 2023Review
- ABO blood group antigens and differential glycan expression: Perspective on the evolution of common human enzyme deficiencies.iScience · 2023Review
- Updates in Kidney Transplantation From the 2022 Banff-Canadian Society of Transplantation Joint Meeting: Conference Report.Canadian journal of kidney health and disease · 2023Article
- In vitro and in vivo immune assessments of genetically-engineered pig skin grafts in New World (squirrel) monkeys.XenotransplantationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntibody-mediated rejection is a major cause of graft injury and contributes to failure of pig xenografts in nonhuman primates (NHPs). Most 'natural' or elicited antibodies found in humans and NHPs are directed against pig glycan antigens, but antibodies binding to swine leukocyte antigens (SLA) have also been detected. Of clinical importance is (i) whether the presence of high levels of antibodies directed towards human leukocyte antigens (HLA) (i.e., high panel-reactive antibodies) would be detrimental to the outcome of a pig organ xenograft; and (ii) whether, in the event of sensitization to pig antigens, a subsequent allotransplant would be at increased risk of graft failure due to elicited anti-pig antibodies that cross-react with human HLA or other antigens. SUMMARY: A literature review of pig-to-primate studies indicates that relatively few highly-HLA-sensitized humans have antibodies that cross-react with pigs, predicting that most would not be at increased risk of rejecting an organ xenograft. Furthermore, the existing evidence indicates that sensitization to pig antigens will probably not elicit increased alloantibody titers; if so, 'bridging' with a pig organ could be carried out without increased risk of subsequent antibody-mediated allograft failure. KEY MESSAGE: These issues have important implications for the design and conduct of clinical xenotransplantation trials.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.