Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35817549›Full record

ArticleTobacco control2024

Nicotine pouch marketing strategies in the USA: an analysis of Zyn, On! and Velo.

Zongshuan Duan, Lisa Henriksen, Donna Vallone, Jessica M Rath, W Douglas Evans, Katelyn F Romm, Christina Wysota, Carla J Berg

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco control, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
9.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Instagram Memes of Oral Nicotine Pouches: Content Analysis Study.Online journal of public health informatics · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Oral nicotine pouches have arrived at U.S. college campuses.Journal of American college health : J of ACH · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. The Promotion of Oral Nicotine Pouches for Non-Smoking Cessation Purposes on TikTok.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
  10. The Association Between Product Attributes and Oral Nicotine Pouch Preference-Evidence From Online Stores.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Nicotine pouches: A wolf in sheep's clothing.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Zongshuan DuanDepartment of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2598-1752
Lisa HenriksenStanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9288-3562
Donna ValloneTruth Initiative Schroeder Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9841-9333
Jessica M RathTruth Initiative Schroeder Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7678-7039
W Douglas EvansDepartment of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Katelyn F RommDepartment of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9552-0732
Christina WysotaDepartment of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Carla J BergDepartment of Prevention and Community Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA carlaberg@gwu.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-8931-1961
Milken Institute · USAmerican Legacy Foundation · USStanford University · US

Funding

Tissue Pathology Shared ResourceP30CA225520 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI ROBERT S. MANNEL · 2018 to 2026
$27.1M
Recreational Marijuana Marketing and Young Adult Consumer Behavior - Administrative SupplementR01DA054751 · NIDA · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Carla J Berg, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg · 2022 to 2026
$4.3M
Regulatory Impact on Vape Shops and Young Adults' Use of ENDS - Diversity SupplementR01CA215155 · NCI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BERG, CARLA J · 2018 to 2022
$3.4M
Digital Media for Cancer Control: Randomized Controlled Trial and Dose Response EffectsR01CA253013 · NCI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI EVANS, W. DOUGLAS · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
Market Research to Predict Emerging Tobacco Product Use in Diverse Young AdultsR01CA179422 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BERG, CARLA J · 2013 to 2017
$2.7M
Smoke-free Air Coalitions in Georgia and Armenia: A Community Randomized TrialR01TW010664 · FIC · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BERG, CARLA J, KEGLER, MICHELLE C · 2017 to 2021
$1.5M
Emory-Georgia Clean Air Research & Education (CARE) ProgramD43ES030927 · NIEHS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI BERG, CARLA J, CAUDLE, WILLIAM MICHAEL · 2019 to 2025
$1.2M
Assessing IQOS Marketing Influences and Consumer Behavior in Israel: Implications for the USR01CA239178 · NCI · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BERG, CARLA J, LEVINE, HAGAI · 2019 to 2021
$1.2M
Parental Influences on Tobacco Use among Sexual Minority Young Adults in a New Market and Policy LandscapeF32DA055388 · NIDA · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI ROMM, KATELYN · 2022 to 2022
$12k
FIC NIH HHS R01 TW010664NCI NIH HHS R01 CA179422NCI NIH HHS R01 CA215155NCI NIH HHS R01 CA239178NCI NIH HHS R01 CA253013NIDA NIH HHS F32 DA055388NIDA NIH HHS L60 DA056995NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA054751NIEHS NIH HHS D43 ES030927
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNicotine pouches are gaining popularity, yet their marketing is understudied.

methodsUsing Numerator advertising data from January 2019 to September 2021 regarding three popular brands of nicotine pouch in the USA-Zyn (by Swedish Match, introduced in the USA in July 2016), On! (Altria, August 2016) and Velo (RJ Reynolds, July 2019)-we examined (1) general advertising characteristics (eg, media type, year); (2) ad content (ie, headlines and imagery themes); (3) prominent media channels (ie, specific websites, magazines, etc); and (4) ad expenditures.

resultsThere were 286 unique ads (Zyn: 44.4%; On!: 2.8%; Velo: 52.8%), 119 143 occurrences (Zyn: 3.5%; On!: 0.5%; Velo: 96.0%) and $24 774 650 total expenditures (Zyn: 4.7%; On!: 0.6%; Velo: 94.7%). The greatest proportion of ad occurrences and expenditures were accounted for by radio (75.9% and 28.2%, respectively) and television (16.2% and 56.5%), followed by mobile (0.5% and 7.2%) and online display (6.7% and 3.6%). Across ad occurrences and expenditures, prominent headline themes included 'freedom' (26.0% and 17.1%, respectively), 'brand' (9.6% and 18.6%) and 'flavour' (16.4% and 7.6%); images mainly featured the product alone (61.4% and 56.1%), text (16.2% and 24.6%) or men (8.7% and 8.6%); and prominent channel themes were entertainment (34.7% and 37.3%), news/weather (14.3% and 21.7%), business/finance (12.9% and 9.0%) and sports (9.5% and 1.0%). Zyn and On! prioritised online display and print; Velo prioritised radio and television. Zyn's and Velo's headlines focused on 'freedom', with Zyn also emphasising 'brand' and Velo 'innovation'; On!'s headlines emphasised 'flavour'.

conclusionsRegulatory efforts must be informed by surveillance of nicotine pouch marketing and impacts on consumer subgroups (eg, young people).

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsTobacco ProductsAdolescentAdvertisingCommerceFlavoring AgentsHumansMaleMarketingNicotineTasteUnited StatesFlavoring AgentsNicotineadvertising and promotionharm reductionnon-cigarette tobacco productssurveillance and monitoringtobacco industry

Identifiers

PMID35817549
PMCPMC11827556
OpenAlexW4285008430

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.