Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35814520›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical and experimental hepatology

Novel Drugs for the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy: Still a Long Journey to Travel.

Siddheesh Rajpurohit, Balaji Musunuri, Shailesh, Pooja Basthi Mohan, Shiran Shetty

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. A Review of Recent Advances in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for the Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. The Story of Ammonia in Liver Disease: An Unraveling Continuum.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology
    Review
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Siddheesh RajpurohitDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
Balaji MusunuriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
ShaileshDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
Pooja Basthi MohanDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
Shiran ShettyDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
Manipal Academy of Higher Education · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the reversible complications of chronic liver disease, associated with a higher mortality rate. In current clinical practice, treatment with rifaximin and lactulose/lactitol is the first line of treatment in HE. With the advance in pathophysiology, a new class of ammonia lowering drugs has been revealed to overcome the hurdle and disease burden. The mechanism of the novel agents differs significantly and includes the alteration in intestinal microbiota, intestinal endothelial integrity, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and modulation of neurotoxins. Most of the trials have reported promising results in the treatment and prevention of HE with fecal microbiota transplantation, albumin, probiotics, flumazenil, polyethylene glycol, AST-120, glycerol phenylbutyrate, nitazoxanide, branched-chain amino acid, naloxone, and acetyl-l-carnitine. However, their clinical use is limited due to the presence of major drawbacks in their study design, sample size, safety profile, bias, and heterogenicity. This study will discuss the novel therapeutic targets for HE in liver cirrhosis patients with supporting clinical trial data.

Indexed as

ALC, acetyl-L-carnitineBCAA, branched-chain amino acidBDI, Beck Depression InventoryBD, twice a dayBUN, blood urea nitrogenCHESS, Clinical Hepatic Encephalopathy Staging ScaleCLDQ, Chronic Liver Disease QuestionnaireECT, estimated completion timeEEG, electroencephalogramFMT, fecal microbiota transplantationGPB, glycerol phenylbutyratehepatic encephalopathyHESA, Hepatic Encephalopathy Scoring AlgorithmHRQOL, health-related quality of lifeIV, intravenousliver cirrhosisMED, Modified Encephalopathy ScaleMELD, Model for End-stage Liver DiseaseMMSE, Mini-Mental State ExaminationNal, naloxonenovel drugsNTZ, nitazoxanideOD, once a dayORT, object recognition testPEG, polyethylene glycolQID, four times a dayQOL, quality of lifeRBNS, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological StatusRCT, randomized control trialRT-qPCR, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactionTID, three times a daytreatment outcomeVSL#3, high concentration probiotic preparations

Identifiers

PMID35814520
PMCPMC9257922
OpenAlexW4210331829

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.