ArticleiScience2022
Immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in severe disease and long COVID-19.
Article in iScience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- A Probabilistic Modeling Analysis of the Longitudinal Immune Response to Infection and Vaccination Across Demographic Groups and Pulmonary Symptoms.Spora : a journal of biomathematics · 2026Article
- Analysis of Long COVID characteristics and risk factors in individuals infected with COVID-19: a follow-up study based on a cohort of 2,792 participants.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Minimalistic transcriptomic signatures permit accurate early prediction of COVID-19 mortality.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Viral persistence in long COVID: Research advances and treatment strategies.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2025Review
- A biomathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Post-Acute Sequelae and Mitochondrial Aberration in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Impact of Prior COVID-19 Immunization and/or Prior Infection on Immune Responses and Clinical Outcomes.Viruses · 2024Review
- Potential therapeutic targets for COVID-19 complicated with pulmonary hypertension: a bioinformatics and early validation study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Potential Beneficial Effects of Naringin and Naringenin on Long COVID-A Review of the Literature.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Hub genes identification and validation of ferroptosis in SARS-CoV-2 induced ARDS: perspective from transcriptome analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Vaccine and antiviral drug promise for preventing post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, and their combination for its treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Cellular immunity reflects the persistent symptoms among COVID-19 recovered patients in Japan.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Antibody Response to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Nucleocapsid Proteins in Patients with Different COVID-19 Clinical Profiles.Viruses · 2023Article
- Recent developments in the immunopathology of COVID-19.Allergy · 2023Review
- Persistent SARS-CoV-2 Infection, EBV, HHV-6 and Other Factors May Contribute to Inflammation and Autoimmunity in Long COVID.Viruses · 2023Review
- Hematological alterations associated with long COVID-19.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Thromboembolism in the Complications of Long COVID-19.Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 is mild to moderate in otherwise healthy individuals but may nonetheless cause life-threatening disease and/or a wide range of persistent symptoms. The general determinant of disease severity is age mainly because the immune response declines in aging patients. Here, we developed a mathematical model of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and revealed that typical age-related risk factors such as only a several 10% decrease in innate immune cell activity and inhibition of type-I interferon signaling by autoantibodies drastically increased the viral load. It was reported that the numbers of certain dendritic cell subsets remained less than half those in healthy donors even seven months after infection. Hence, the inflammatory response was ongoing. Our model predicted the persistent DC reduction and showed that certain patients with severe and even mild symptoms could not effectively eliminate the virus and could potentially develop long COVID.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.