ArticlePreventive medicine2022
Association between racial discrimination and delayed or forgone care amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Differences in Healthcare and Everyday Discrimination among Racial and Ethnic Minority Cancer Survivors in the all of the US Research Program.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in access to non-COVID-19 healthcare during the pandemic in the United States.Medicine · 2026Article
- Experiences of Forgone Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Older Adults' Mental Health: Variations by Race and Ethnicity.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- COVID-Related Discrimination and Health Care Access among a Nationally Representative, Diverse Sample of US Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity in Asian Americans' mortality trends, 2000-2022.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Using prescription medication utilization trends to evaluate health system resilience and inform future emergency preparedness.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Changing pace of human papillomavirus vaccination among U.S. adolescents and young adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-August 2023.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Unmet Health Care Needs of Adult Patients Adopted in Childhood: Insights and Recommendations.Annals of family medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship between racial discrimination in healthcare, loneliness, and mental health among Black Philadelphia residents.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Disparities in group-based medical mistrust and associations with mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- Influence of socioeconomic status on postoperative outcomes in acute type A aortic dissection repair.JTCVS open · 2025Article
- Racial Discrimination as a Traumatic Bedrock of Healthcare Avoidance: A Pathway Through Healthcare Institutional Betrayal and Mistrust.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Associations between local COVID-19 policies and anxiety in the USA: a longitudinal digital cohort study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Use of calibration to improve the precision of estimates obtained from All of Us data.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024Article
- Discrimination in Medical Settings across Populations: Evidence From the All of Us Research Program.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Preventive health behaviour differences across racial groups during the early stages of COVID-19.Journal of infection prevention · 2024Article
- Delayed Access to Medical Care and Psychological Distress among Chinese Immigrants in Canada during the Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Discriminatory Healthcare Experiences and Medical Mistrust in Patients With Serious Illness.Journal of pain and symptom management · 2024Article
- Substandard housing and the risk of COVID-19 infection and disease severity: A retrospective cohort study.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Changes in Health Care Access and Preventive Health Screenings by Race and Ethnicity.JAMA health forum · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Racial discrimination has intensified in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic, but how it disrupted healthcare is largely unknown. This study investigates the association of racial discrimination with delaying or forgoing care during the pandemic based on data from a nationally representative survey, the Health, Ethnicity and Pandemic (HEAP) study (n = 2552) conducted in October 2020 with Asians, Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks oversampled. Racial discrimination during the pandemic was assessed in three domains: experienced racial discrimination, race-related cyberbullying, and Coronavirus racial bias beliefs. Respondents answered whether they had delayed or forgone any type of healthcare due to the pandemic. Overall, 63.7% of respondents reported delaying or forgoing any healthcare during the pandemic. About 20.3% East/Southeast Asians, 18.6% non-Hispanic Blacks and 15.9% Hispanics reported experiences of racial discrimination, compared with 2.8% of non-Hispanic Whites. Experienced racial discrimination was associated with delaying/forgoing care among non-Hispanic Blacks (Adjusted odds ratios[AOR] = 4.58, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 2.22-9.45), Hispanics (AOR = 3.88, 95%CI: 1.51-9.98), and East/Southeast Asians (AOR = 2.14, 95%CI: 1.22-3.77). Experiencing race-related cyberbullying was significantly associated with delaying/forgoing care among non-Hispanic Blacks (AOR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.02-1.77) and East/Southeast Asians (AOR = 1.51, 95%CI: 1.19-1.90). Coronavirus racial bias was significantly associated with delaying/forgoing care among East/Southeast Asians (AOR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.16-2.07). The three domains of racial discrimination were consistently associated with delayed or forgone health care among East/Southeast Asians during the COVID-19 pandemic; some of the associations were also seen among non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics. These results demonstrate that addressing racism is important for reducing disparities in healthcare delivery during the pandemic and beyond.
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