ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2022
Enhanced surveillance of monkeypox in Bas-Uélé, Democratic Republic of Congo: the limitations of symptom-based case definitions.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Mpox vaccine acceptance and uptake in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC global and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Mpox vaccination uptake and acceptance in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Pooled it
- The epidemiological and clinical differences between patients with mpox and patients without mpox among suspected cases during the recent global mpox outbreaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical features, hospitalisation and deaths associated with monkeypox: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2022Pooled it
- Mpox coinfections and clinical manifestation in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in systems biology · 2026Review
- Early epidemiologic and genomic insights from Sierra Leone's first mpox cases, 2025.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Mpox surveillance in endemic regions: a scoping review of trends, challenges, and recommendations.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Genomic evidence of varicella-zoster virus among Mpox-suspected cases in Ethiopia during the 2022 Mpox multi-country outbreak.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- National Emergency Department Registry for Mpox: Coordinating Multisite Surveillance Networks to Inform Current and Future Outbreaks.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics of suspected cases of human mpox (monkeypox) in Katako-Kombe, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2023: challenges and key responses.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Article
- Suspected and confirmed mpox cases in DR Congo: a retrospective analysis of national epidemiological and laboratory surveillance data, 2010-23.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Article
- Sudan's Mpox surveillance system during the 2022 pandemic: a retrospective evaluation.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Mpox virus infection in women and outbreak sex disparities: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- A critical review of mpox outbreaks, risk factors, and prevention efforts in Africa: lessons learned and evolving practices.IJID regions · 2024Review
- Article
- Differential diagnosis of exanthematous viruses during the 2022 Mpox outbreak in Minas Gerais, Brazil.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Infection prevention and control measures to reduce the transmission of mpox: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Epidemiological and clinical differences of confirmed and discarded Mpox cases on the 2022 Chilean outbreak.IJID regions · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFollowing an outbreak of cases of vesicular-pustular rash with fever, evocative of human monkeypox, in Bas-Uélé province, Democratic Republic of Congo, surveillance was strengthened.
methodsHouseholds with at least one active generalized vesicular-pustular rash case were visited, and contact and clinical history information were collected from all household members. Whenever possible, skin lesions were screened by polymerase chain reaction for the monkeypox virus, followed by the varicella-zoster virus, when negative for the former.
resultsPolymerase chain reaction results were obtained for 77 suspected cases, distributed in 138 households, of which 27.3% were positive for monkeypox, 58.4% positive for chickenpox, and 14.3% negative for both. Confirmed monkeypox cases presented more often with monomorphic skin lesions on the palms of the hands and on the soles of the feet. Integrating these three features into the case definition raised the specificity to 85% but would miss 50% of true monkeypox cases. A predictive model fit on patient demographics and symptoms had 97% specificity and 80% sensitivity but only 80% and 33% in predicting out-of-sample cases.
conclusionFew discriminating features were identified and the performance of clinical case definitions was suboptimal. Rapid field diagnostics are needed to optimize worldwide early detection and surveillance of monkeypox.
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