Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35808500›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Sliding-Window Normalization to Improve the Performance of Machine-Learning Models for Real-Time Motion Prediction Using Electromyography.

Taichi Tanaka, Isao Nambu, Yoshiko Maruyama, Yasuhiro Wada

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Taichi TanakaDepartment of Science Technology of Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan.
Isao NambuDepartment of Electrical, Electronics and Information Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1705-6268
Yoshiko MaruyamaDepartment of Production Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hakodate College, Hakodate 042-8501, Japan.
Yasuhiro WadaDepartment of Electrical, Electronics and Information Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan.

Funding

JSPS KAKENHI 21H03287JSPS KAKENHI 21H03480
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many researchers have used machine learning models to control artificial hands, walking aids, assistance suits, etc., using the biological signal of electromyography (EMG). The use of such devices requires high classification accuracy. One method for improving the classification performance of machine learning models is normalization, such as z-score. However, normalization is not used in most EMG-based motion prediction studies because of the need for calibration and fluctuation of reference value for calibration (cannot re-use). Therefore, in this study, we proposed a normalization method that combines sliding-window and z-score normalization that can be implemented in real-time processing without need for calibration. The effectiveness of this normalization method was confirmed by conducting a single-joint movement experiment of the elbow and predicting its rest, flexion, and extension movements from the EMG signal. The proposed method achieved 77.7% accuracy, an improvement of 21.5% compared to the non-normalization (56.2%). Furthermore, when using a model trained by other people's data for application without calibration, the proposed method achieved 63.1% accuracy, an improvement of 8.8% compared to the z-score (54.4%). These results showed the effectiveness of the simple and easy-to-implement method, and that the classification performance of the machine learning model could be improved.

Indexed as

ElbowMovementElectromyographyHumansMachine LearningMotionclassification modelelectromyographyEMGmachine learningsignal normalizationz-score

Identifiers

PMID35808500
PMCPMC9269700

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.