ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2022
Effect of Pneumococcal Vaccine on Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and thromboembolic events after community-acquired pneumonia among adults: a systematic literature review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Latin-American guidelines of recommendations at discharge from an acute coronary syndrome.Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico · 2024Guideline
- Impact of influenza, herpes zoster, and pneumococcal vaccinations on the incidence of cardiovascular events in subjects aged over 65 years: a systematic review.GeroScience · 2023Pooled it
- Estimated causal effects of common respiratory infections on cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis.Open heart · 2023Pooled it
- Prevention of Adverse Cardiovascular Events Using the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA cardiology · 2025Trial
- Pneumonia as a predictor of diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease: a national cohort study.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2026Article
- A narrative review on the effectiveness of PPSV23 vaccination in adults in China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Burden of Pneumococcal Disease and Adult Vaccination Landscape: An Overview with Data and Policy Insights from Türkiye.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2025Review
- Development and external validation of a risk prediction score (DASHI) for cardiovascular events following acute respiratory infections: derivation and validation retrospective cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- 2025 Expert Consensus Recommendations on Vaccinations in Adults with High Cardiovascular Risk and Cardiovascular Disease: A Report of the Task Force of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology and the Infectious Diseases Society of Taiwan.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2025Article
- A Structured Narrative Literature Review of the Broader Value of Adult Immunisation Programmes.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccination Coverage in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Association betweenBiomedical reports · 2024Review
- Exposome in ischaemic heart disease: beyond traditional risk factors.European heart journal · 2024Review
- Cardiovascular, Neurological, and Immunological Adverse Events and the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Immunizing hearts: exploring the vaccination frontier in heart failure management.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Influenza vaccines may protect against cardiovascular diseases: The evidence is mounting and should be known by the Canadian public health community.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- The Global Burden of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults, Encompassing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and the Prevalence of Its Associated Cardiovascular Events, with a Focus on Pneumolysin and Macrolide Antibiotics in Pathogenesis and Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Pneumococcal Vaccination in Adults: A Narrative Review of Considerations for Individualized Decision-Making.Vaccines · 2023Review
- The impact of COVID-19 and COVID vaccination on cardiovascular outcomes.European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Various studies have suggested the possible cardiovascular (CV) protective effects of the pneumococcal vaccine (PV). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between recipients of PV with mortality and CV outcomes among patients with and without established cardiovascular disease. We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for studies evaluating the effect of PV on mortality and CV outcomes. A total of 15 studies with 347,444 patients were included in the meta-analysis: 111,784 patients received PV (32%) and 235,660 patients were in the unvaccinated group (68%). Recipients of PV were associated with decreased all-cause mortality (HR, 0.76 (95% CI: 0.66 to 0.87), p < 0.001). PV was associated with a decrease in the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) (HR, 0.73 (95% CI: 0.56−0.96), p = 0.02), without significant reduction in CV mortality (HR, 0.87 (95% CI: 0.72−1.07), p = 0.18) and stroke (HR, 1.01 (95% CI: 0.93−1.10), p = 0.82). Our study found PV was associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality and MI. Future RCTs will be necessary to confirm benefits associated with receipt of PV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.