ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Long COVID: Association of Functional Autoantibodies against G-Protein-Coupled Receptors with an Impaired Retinal Microcirculation.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Subclinical neurovascular and immune correlates of post-COVID-19 syndrome detected by retinal imaging.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Task-Evoked Pupillary Dynamics Are Altered in Post-COVID Syndrome.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- An Explorative Approach to Examining the Role of Ischemia and Inflammation on the Function of Autoantibodies Against G Protein-Coupled Receptors and Their Corresponding Agonists.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Microcirculatory impairment and increased arterial stiffness in pediatric Long COVID patients.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- A perfect storm: the immunological and pathophysiological landscape of pediatric post-COVID-19 condition.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Kidney involvement and anemia in COVID-19 infection.World journal of nephrology · 2025Review
- Brain-targeted autoimmunity is strongly associated with Long COVID and its chronic fatigue syndrome as well as its affective symptoms.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Article
- Functional Autoantibodies Targeting G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and Their Clinical Phenotype in Patients with Long-COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Post-COVID Condition and Neuroinflammation: Possible Management with Antioxidants.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deoxygenation Trends and Their Multivariate Association with Self-Reported Fatigue in Post-COVID Syndrome.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Key Pathophysiological Role of Skeletal Muscle Disturbance in Post COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): Accumulated Evidence.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Review
- Efficacy of repeated immunoadsorption in patients with post-COVID myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and elevated β2-adrenergic receptor autoantibodies: a prospective cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Plasma cell targeting with the anti-CD38 antibody daratumumab in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome-a clinical pilot study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Ocular neuroinflammatory response secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection-a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Understanding autoimmune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pathogenesis/mechanisms of long COVID.Medical review (2021) · 2024Review
- Review
- Interplay between Comorbidities and Long COVID: Challenges and Multidisciplinary Approaches.Biomolecules · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Long COVID (LC) describes the clinical phenotype of symptoms after infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diagnostic and therapeutic options are limited, as the pathomechanism of LC is elusive. As the number of acute SARS-CoV-2 infections was and is large, LC will be a challenge for the healthcare system. Previous studies revealed an impaired blood flow, the formation of microclots, and autoimmune mechanisms as potential factors in this complex interplay. Since functionally active autoantibodies against G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR-AAbs) were observed in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, this study aimed to correlate the appearance of GPCR-AAbs with capillary microcirculation. The seropositivity of GPCR-AAbs was measured by an established cardiomyocyte bioassay in 42 patients with LC and 6 controls. Retinal microcirculation was measured by OCT-angiography and quantified as macula and peripapillary vessel density (VD) by the Erlangen-Angio Tool. A statistical analysis yielded impaired VD in patients with LC compared to the controls, which was accentuated in female persons. A significant decrease in macula and peripapillary VD for AAbs targeting adrenergic β2-receptor, MAS-receptor angiotensin-II-type-1 receptor, and adrenergic α1-receptor were observed. The present study might suggest that a seropositivity of GPCR-AAbs can be linked to an impaired retinal capillary microcirculation, potentially mirroring the systemic microcirculation with consecutive clinical symptoms.
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Registered trials
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