ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Two Years of COVID-19 in Austria-Exploratory Longitudinal Study of Mental Health Outcomes and Coping Behaviors in the General Population.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Was the COVID-19 Pandemic a Triggering Factor for PTSD in Adults? Results From A Systematic Review.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Pooled it
- Social Support and Mental Health Across a Public Health Crisis Lifecycle: A Three-Wave Repeated Cross-Sectional Study of Mediating Coping Mechanisms.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
- How family support alleviates death anxiety in breast cancer patients: the mediating role of meaning in life.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- School students' burdens and resources after 2 years of COVID-19 in Austria: a qualitative study using content analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Health and lifestyle parameters in peripheral artery disease at two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic: comparison between men and women.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- Comprehensive examination of support needs and mental well-being: a mixed-method study of the Austrian general population in times of crisis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Areas of Concern and Support among the Austrian General Population: A Qualitative Content Analytic Mapping of the Shift between Winter 2020/21 and Spring 2022.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- [Domestic violence and its psychological consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic-key findings from German-speaking countries].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2023Review
- Long-Term Trajectory and Risk Factors of Healthcare Workers' Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: A 24 Month Longitudinal Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Charitable Giving in Times of Covid-19: Do Crises Forward the Better or the Worse in Individuals?Voluntas : international journal of voluntary and nonprofit organizations · 2023Article
- Adverse Effects of Sinopharm COVID-19 Vaccine among Vaccinated Medical Students and Health Care Workers.Vaccines · 2023Article
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- The Global Impact of COVID-19 on Threat Appraisals.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the long-term mental health impact of COVID-19 is not yet fully understood, the present study explored changes in mental health outcomes and pandemic-related coping behaviors across four pandemic stages. The main objective was to gain insights into the dynamics of mental health and coping, considering different pandemic features at different assessment waves. The final sample consisted of N = 243 adults from the Austrian general population. Data were collected at four timepoints (between June 2020 and December 2021) via LimeSurvey, an open-source online survey tool. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), adjustment disorder (AD), anxiety, and depression were assessed using validated instruments: Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), AD-New Module 8 (ADNM-8), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ4). We also administered the Pandemic Coping Scale (PCS) to address pandemic-related coping behaviors. Cochran’s Q test and repeated measures ANOVAs were applied to assess changes over time. The results indicated that prevalence rates of AD (χ2(2) = 16.88, p = 0.001), depression (χ2(3) = 18.69, p < 0.001), and anxiety (χ2(3) = 19.10, p < 0.001) significantly changed across four assessment waves. Changes in mean scores of the assessed mental health outcomes were also observed. For pandemic-related coping, we found differences in the subscales: healthy lifestyle: F(3, 651) = 5.11, prevention adherence: F(2.73, 592.35) = 21.88, and joyful activities: F(3, 651) = 5.03. Taken together, our study showed a higher mental health burden in wintertime than in summertime, indicating an increased need for psychosocial support in times of stricter measures, higher incidences, and higher death rates. Furthermore, the observed decrease in adaptive coping behaviors suggests that easy-to-implement coping strategies should be actively promoted in order to maintain mental health during and in the aftermath of pandemics.
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