Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35805627›Full record

Trial reportInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Effects of Intermittent Energy Restriction Alone and in Combination with Sprint Interval Training on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Individuals with Overweight and Obesity.

Matthew B Cooke, William Deasy, Elya J Ritenis, Robin A Wilson, Christos G Stathis

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training: a systematic review and Meta-analyses.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023
    Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Trial
  12. The impact of intermittent energy restriction on women's health.The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. A Narrative Review of Intermittent Fasting With Exercise.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2025
    Review
  17. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Matthew B CookeCollege of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4978-4294
William DeasyCollege of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1864-9759
Elya J RitenisDepartment of Health Sciences and Biostatistics, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia.
Robin A WilsonCollege of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
Christos G StathisCollege of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0064-9523
Victoria University · AUWestern Health · AUSwinburne University of Technology · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The popularity of intermittent fasting (IF) and high intensity (sprint) interval training (SIT) has increased in recent years amongst the general public due to their purported health benefits and feasibility of incorporation into daily life. The number of scientific studies investigating these strategies has also increased, however, very few have examined the combined effects, especially on body composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers, which is the primary aim of this investigation. A total of thirty-four male and female participants (age: 35.4 ± 8.4 y, body mass index (BMI): 31.3 ± 3.5 kg/m2, aerobic capacity (VO2peak) 27.7 ± 7.0 mL·kg−1·min−1) were randomized into one of three 16-week interventions: (1) 5:2 IF (2 non-consecutive days of fasting per week, 5 days on ad libitum eating), (2) supervised SIT (3 bouts per week of 20s cycling at 150% VO2peak followed by 40 s of active rest, total 10 min duration), and (3) a combination of both interventions. Body composition, haemodynamic and VO2peak were measured at 0, 8 and 16 weeks. Blood samples were also taken and analysed for lipid profiles and markers of glucose regulation. Both IF and IF/SIT significantly decreased body weight, fat mass and visceral fat compared to SIT only (p < 0.05), with no significant differences between diet and diet + exercise combined. The effects of diet and/or exercise on cardiometabolic biomarkers were mixed. Only exercise alone or with IF significantly increased cardiorespiratory fitness. The results suggest that energy restriction was the main driver of body composition enhancement, with little effect from the low volume SIT. Conversely, to achieve benefits in cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise is required.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesHigh-Intensity Interval TrainingAdultBiomarkersBody CompositionFemaleHumansMaleObesityOverweightBiomarkersbody compositioncardiorespiratory fitnessintermittent fastingmetabolicsprint exercise

Identifiers

PMID35805627
PMCPMC9265557
OpenAlexW4284993858

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.