Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35803846›Full record

ArticleVaccine2022

SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among vaccinated and unvaccinated household members during the Alpha variant surge - Denver, Colorado, and San Diego, California, January-April 2021.

David W McCormick, Stacey L Konkle, Reed Magleby, Ayan K Chakrabarti, Blake Cherney, Kristine Lindell, Apophia Namageyo-Funa, Susanna Visser, Raymond A Soto, Marisa A P Donnelly and 27 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

37 authors.

David W McCormickCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: yup1@cdc.gov.
Stacey L KonkleCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Reed MaglebyCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Ayan K ChakrabartiCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Blake CherneyCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Kristine LindellCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Apophia Namageyo-FunaCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Susanna VisserCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Raymond A SotoCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Marisa A P DonnellyCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Ginger StringerColorado Department of Public Health and the Environment, Denver, CO, USA.
Brett AustinCounty of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA.
Mark E BeattyCounty of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA.
Sarah StousCounty of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA.
Bernadette A AlbaneseTri-County Health Department, Greenwood Village, CO, USA.
Victoria T ChuCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Meagan ChueyCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA.
Elizabeth A DietrichCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jan DrobeniucCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jennifer M FolsterCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Marie E KillerbyCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jennifer A LehmanCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Eric C McDonaldCounty of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA.
Jasmine RuffinCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Noah G SchwartzCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Sarah W SheldonCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Sadia SleweonCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Natalie J ThornburgCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Laura J HughesCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Marla PetwayCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Suxiang TongCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Melissa J WhaleyCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Hannah L KirkingCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jacqueline E TateCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Christopher H HsuCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Almea MatanockCOVID-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
COVID-19 Household Transmission Team

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCOVID-19 vaccination reduces SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission. However, evidence is emerging on the degree of protection across variants and in high-transmission settings. To better understand the protection afforded by vaccination specifically in a high-transmission setting, we examined household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 during a period of high community incidence with predominant SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant, among vaccinated and unvaccinated contacts.

methodsWe conducted a household transmission investigation in San Diego County, California, and Denver, Colorado, during January-April 2021. Households were enrolled if they had at least one person with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection. We collected nasopharyngeal swabs, blood, demographic information, and vaccination history from all consenting household members. We compared infection risks (IRs), RT-PCR cycle threshold values, SARS-CoV-2 culture results, and antibody statuses among vaccinated and unvaccinated household contacts.

resultsWe enrolled 493 individuals from 138 households. The SARS-CoV-2 variant was identified from 121/138 households (88%). The most common variants were Alpha (75/121, 62%) and Epsilon (19/121, 16%). There were no households with discordant lineages among household members. One fully vaccinated secondary case was symptomatic (13%); the other 5 were asymptomatic (87%). Among unvaccinated secondary cases, 105/108 (97%) were symptomatic. Among 127 households with a single primary case, the IR for household contacts was 45% (146/322; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 40-51%). The observed IR was higher in unvaccinated (130/257, 49%, 95% CI 45-57%) than fully vaccinated contacts (6/26, 23%, 95% CI 11-42%). A lower proportion of households with a fully vaccinated primary case had secondary cases (1/5, 20%) than households with an unvaccinated primary case (66/108, 62%).

conclusionsAlthough SARS-CoV-2 infections in vaccinated household contacts were reported in this high transmission setting, full vaccination protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings further support the protective effect of COVID-19 vaccination and highlight the need for ongoing vaccination among eligible persons.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2CaliforniaColoradoCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19Household transmissionSARS-CoV-2VaccinationVaccine effectiveness

Identifiers

PMID35803846
PMCPMC9250903

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.