ArticleCell host & microbe2022
Non-protective immune imprint underlies failure of Staphylococcus aureus IsdB vaccine.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host-Bacterium Interaction Mechanisms inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Safety, Efficacy, and Immunogenicity of a Multivalent Adjuvanted Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine in Adults With Recent Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: An Observer-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multinational Phase 1/2 Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Convergent evolution of immune evasion in ESKAPE pathogens: A cross-pathogen architecture of conserved host-defense checkpoints.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Review
- High-throughput antigen discovery using Functional Genomic Vaccinology (FGV) identifies protective Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine candidates.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Multivalent nanobodies for potent and broad neutralization of Staphylococcus aureus toxins.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Two birds with one stone: An antibiotic hit blockingiScience · 2026Article
- Adeno-associated virus delivery of anti-alpha toxin monoclonal antibodies confers protection against Staphylococcus aureus infections.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Conserved CD4Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- AntiPan: a genome-informed in silico pipeline for advancing subunit vaccine discovery against Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: tolerance, immune evasion and treatment.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Synthetic short peptide mimicking IsdB and IsdH conserved motifs selectively bind and enable detection ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- PLGA-PEG Nano-Adjuvant-Delivered ClfA Vaccine Elicits IL-17A-Mediated Neutrophil Activation to Confer Complete Protection Against Methicillin-ResistantInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Protection acquired upon intraperitoneal group aVirulence · 2025Article
- Overcoming Immune Evasion inACS infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Alpha hemolysin enhances the immune response by modulating dendritic cell differentiation via ADAM10-Notch signaling.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- A multivalent mRNA-LNP cocktail vaccine confers superior efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus infection in murine models.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- The Influence of Maternal Staphylococcus aureus Anti-Hla Neutralizing Antibody on Infant Skin and Soft Tissue Development in the First Year of Life.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Article
- The Central Importance of Vaccines to Mitigate the Threat of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Regulation of airway fumarate by host and pathogen promotes Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Development of a bivalent protein subunit vaccine against infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Humans frequently encounter Staphylococcus aureus (SA) throughout life. Animal studies have yielded SA candidate vaccines, yet all human SA vaccine trials have failed. One notable vaccine "failure" targeted IsdB, critical for host iron acquisition. We explored a fundamental difference between humans and laboratory animals-natural SA exposure. Recapitulating the failed phase III IsdB vaccine trial, mice previously infected with SA do not mount protective antibody responses to vaccination, unlike naive animals. Non-protective antibodies exhibit increased α2,3 sialylation that blunts opsonophagocytosis and preferentially targets a non-protective IsdB domain. IsdB vaccination of SA-infected mice recalls non-neutralizing humoral responses, further reducing vaccine efficacy through direct antibody competition. IsdB vaccine interference was overcome by immunization against the IsdB heme-binding domain. Purified human IsdB-specific antibodies also blunt IsdB passive immunization, and additional SA vaccines are susceptible to SA pre-exposure. Thus, failed anti-SA immunization trials could be explained by non-protective imprint from prior host-SA interaction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.