ReviewBiochemia medica2022
The apparent prevalence, the true prevalence.
Review in Biochemia medica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dengue and Chikungunya Seroprevalence in an Urban Low-Income Cohort in Delhi: A Cross-Sectional and Nested Longitudinal Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a near-comprehensive RxNorm valueset of opioid medications.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Identifying Undiagnosed High-Risk Suicidality Cases by Matching Patients With a Similar Comorbidity Burden: Retrospective Observational Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Observational
- Human and livestock exposure to Rift Valley fever virus and Coxiella burnetii in Eastern Ethiopia: a One Health cross-sectional study.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence of camel brucellosis and its relationship to camel owners' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Dire District, Borana Zone, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of paratuberculosis in Murciano-Granadina dairy goats in Iran: seroprevalence in two large industrial herds and consequences.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Identifying undiagnosed high-risk suicidality cases through comorbidity-adjusted risk modeling.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Arbovirus Prevalence and Vulnerability Assessment Through Entomological Surveillance in Ponce, Puerto Rico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Accuracy of ICD-10 Codes for Suicidal Ideation and Action in Pediatric Emergency Department Encounters.Pediatric emergency care · 2025Article
- Diagnostic tests performance indices: an overview.Biochemia medica · 2025Review
- A sero-epidemiological analysis of Coxiella burnetii infection and its risk factors in livestock from Addis Ababa, Adama, and Modjo abattoirs and pastoral areas of Oromia, Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Interference ofVeterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Moving Biosurveillance Beyond Coded Data Using AI for Symptom Detection From Physician Notes: Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Investigating the Prevalence of Paratuberculosis in Hungarian Large-Scale Dairy Herds and the Success of Control Measures over Four Years.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- GPTZero Performance in Identifying Artificial Intelligence-Generated Medical Texts: A Preliminary Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- Correction of vaccine effectiveness derived from test-negative case-control studies.BMC medical research methodology · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Seroprevalence in Children during Pandemic Waves in Sarajevo, a Single Center Experience.Acta medica academica · 2023Article
- On determining the sensitivity and specificity of a new diagnostic test through comparing its results against a non-gold-standard test.Biochemia medica · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Serologic tests are important for conducting seroepidemiologic and prevalence studies. However, the tests used are typically imperfect and produce false-positive and false-negative results. This is why the seropositive rate (apparent prevalence) does not typically reflect the true prevalence of the disease or condition of interest. Herein, we discuss the way the true prevalence could be derived from the apparent prevalence and test sensitivity and specificity. A computer simulation based on the Monte-Carlo algorithm was also used to further examine a situation where the measured test sensitivity and specificity are also uncertain. We then complete our review with a real example. The apparent prevalence observed in many prevalence studies published in medical literature is a biased estimation and cannot be interpreted correctly unless we correct the value.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.