ArticlePloS one2022
Hemodynamic and analgesic effect of intrathecal fentanyl with bupivacaine in patients undergoing elective cesarean section; a prospective cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of midazolam compared to fentanyl as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Low-dose spinal anesthesia in cesarean section: a narrative review.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Review
- Effect of premixed and sequential intrathecal fentanyl on spinal block characteristics.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- The Application of Regional Anaesthesia in Türkiye: National Survey Study.Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation · 2025Article
- A Retrospective Observational Study of Ephedrine Use in Hip Arthroplasty: Routine Practice at a Secondary Care Hospital in Romania.Clinics and practice · 2025Article
- Review
- The Impact of Fentanyl and Morphine on Maternal Hemodynamics in Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Esketamine pretreatment during cesarean section reduced the incidence of postpartum depression: a randomized controlled trail.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpinal anesthesia with bupivacaine has side effects such as hypotension, respiratory depression, vomiting, and shivering. The side effects are dose-dependent, therefore different approaches have been attempted to avoid spinal-induced complications including lowering the dose of local anesthetic and mixing it with additives like Neuraxial opioids.
objectiveTo compare the Hemodynamic and analgesic effects of intrathecal fentanyl as an adjuvant with low and conventional doses of bupivacaine in patients undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. METHODOLOGY: An institutional-based prospective cohort study was conducted on 90 patients. Data was collected with chart review, intraoperative observation, and postoperatively patient interview. Data was entered into EPI INFO and transport to SPSS version 23 for analysis of variables using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis H rank test, and chi-square.
resultHypotension but not bradycardia, was significantly frequent in a conventional dose of bupivacaine alone (CB) group and a conventional dose of bupivacaine with fentanyl (CBF) groups than that of the lower dose of bupivacaine with fentanyl (LBF) groups. Duration of analgesia was significantly longer in LBF (248± 35.6 minutes) and in CBF groups (260.3±40.3 minutes) than in CB group (167.10 ± 31.45 minutes). Time for the first analgesic request was significantly later in LBF (304±47.8 minutes) and CBF (294.6±99.5 minutes) groups than that in CB group (177±25.88 minutes).
conclusionThe Lower dose of bupivacaine is associated with less risk of hypotension and faster recovery. Adding fentanyl with the lower dose of bupivacaine in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section could provide comparable anesthesia with the lower risk of hypotension and longer postoperative analgesia.
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