ArticleAIDS (London, England)2022
Exploring definitions of retention in care for people living with HIV in the United States in the modern treatment era.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neighborhood Resources Indirectly Linked to HIV Medication Adherence Through Social Determinants of Health Among Digitally Surveyed Partnered Men Who Have Sex with Men.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Retention in care: is it still a clinically useful indicator for monitoring long-term engagement in HIV care in the treat-all era?AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Aligning definitions with realities: a qualitative study on the complexities of measuring retention in HIV care in the global context.BMJ open · 2026Article
- A Multistate Analysis of Longitudinal Care Outcomes Among People Newly Linked to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care in Missouri.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Hematological Profile and Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Patients with HIV: A 12-Month Single-Centre Cohort Study.Viruses · 2026Article
- Thoughts of Death or Self-injury, Non-same-day ART Initiation, and 2-year Incidence of Disengagement from Care Among People Entering HIV Care in Cameroon.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Clinical and HIV Surveillance Data to Determine Care Status for People With HIV in Washington, DC.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Gender, mental health symptoms, loss to clinic, and viral non-suppression 6 months after HIV care initiation among a cohort of people with HIV in Cameroon.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Retention in HIV Care Still Matters: A Longitudinal Multisite Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- The effect of antidepressant treatment on viral suppression among people with HIV diagnosed with depression in an urban clinic.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Cohort profile update: the Johns Hopkins HIV clinical cohort, 1989-2023.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Alcohol use and the longitudinal HIV care continuum for people with HIV who enrolled in care between 2011 and 2019.Annals of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Population-Based Analysis of Synergistic Effects of Functional Disability and Comorbidities on Retention in HIV Care Among People With HIV.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe retention in HIV care based on various definitions of retention in the modern treatment era.
designA cohort study of people enrolled in care at seven mostly urban HIV clinics across the United States, 2010-2018.
methodsWe estimated retention based on missed visits, kept visits, kept encounters (clinical visits, CD4 counts, and viral loads), and HIV labs. We contrasted risk factors for retention by different definitions and estimated odds ratios for of viral suppression and hazard ratios for mortality in 2 years immediately following the year in which retention was defined (the study year).
resultsAcross 108 171 person-years (N = 21 481 people), in 71% of years people kept ≥75% of scheduled visits; in 78%, people kept ≥2 visits >90 days apart; in 74%, people had ≥2 HIV labs >90 days apart; and in 47%, people had no gaps >6 months in clinic visits. Missing >25% of scheduled visits despite attending ≥2 visits >90 days apart was associated with nonwhite non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, history of injection drug use, and prior AIDS diagnosis. In contrast, attending ≥75% of scheduled visits while not attending ≥2 visits >90 days apart was associated with male sex, white race, no injection drug use history, and no prior AIDS diagnosis. Subsequent viral nonsuppression was more strongly associated with missed- than kept-visit measures of retention; 2-year mortality was only associated with failure to be retained by missed-visit measures. DISCUSSION: Missed and kept-visit definitions of retention capture different constructs. Missed-visit measures are more strongly associated with poor HIV outcomes.
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