ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2022
Racial bias and reproducibility in pulse oximetry among medical and surgical inpatients in general care in the Veterans Health Administration 2013-19: multicenter, retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06491173 (Assessment of Accuracy, Precision, and Feasibility of a Handheld Near-Infrared Light Device), which is not on this map. Cited by 62 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of Accuracy, Precision, and Feasibility of a Handheld Near-Infrared Light Device (InfraScanner 2500™) in Detecting Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage in Uganda
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do Differences in Skin Pigmentation Affect Detection of Hypoxemia by Pulse Oximetry: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Clinical nursing research · 2025Pooled it
- Perioperative oxygen therapy in patients undergoing surgical procedures: an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Skin Pigmentation on Pulse Oximetry Blood Oxygenation and Wearable Pulse Rate Accuracy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of skin tone on the accuracy of the estimation of arterial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry: a systematic review.British journal of anaesthesia · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of lateral versus supine positioning on hypoxaemia in sedated adults: multicentre randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2025Trial
- Pulse Oximetry, Skin Pigmentation, and Occult Hypoxemia in Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Review
- Performance of Wearable Pulse Oximetry During Controlled Hypoxia Induction: Instrument Validation Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- The Agreement Between Pulse Oximetry and Measured Arterial Oxygen Saturations in Postoperative Functionally Univentricular Patients.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cause, effect, and remediation of melanin-associated bias in pulse oximetry.Journal of biomedical optics · 2026Article
- Awareness of Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry among Practicing Neonatologists: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Neonatology · 2026Article
- A Research Agenda to Mitigate Racial and Ethnic Disparities in U.S. Critical Care Medicine: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- [S1 guideline on sustainability in intensive care and emergency medicine].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2025Review
- Race Is an Incomplete Surrogate for Skin Pigmentation in Neonates, with Potential Relevance for Pulse Oximetry.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Smartphone tristimulus colorimetry for skin-tone analysis at common pulse oximetry anatomical sites.Biophotonics discovery · 2025Article
- Can we predict the future of respiratory failure prediction?Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- The Role of Oxygen Saturation to FioCHEST critical care · 2025Article
- Article
- Lest a Smoky Haze of Doubt Suffocate Progress toward Better Pulse Oximeters.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Light source spectra and higher measurement uncertainty in pulse oximeter readings for individuals with darker skin pigmentation.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate measurement discrepancies by race between pulse oximetry and arterial oxygen saturation (as measured in arterial blood gas) among inpatients not in intensive care.
designMulticenter, retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records from general care medical and surgical inpatients.
settingVeteran Health Administration, a national and racially diverse integrated health system in the United States, from 2013 to 2019.
participantsAdult inpatients in general care (medical and surgical), in Veteran Health Administration medical centers. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Occult hypoxemia (defined as arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO
resultsA total of 30 039 pairs of SpO
conclusionsIn general care inpatient settings across the Veterans Health Administration where paired readings of arterial blood gas (SaO
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.