Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35792671›Full record

ArticleImmunology and cell biology2022

Characterization of an experimental model to determine streptococcal M protein-induced autoimmune cardiac and neurobehavioral abnormalities.

Rukshan Am Rafeek, Adam S Hamlin, Nicholas M Andronicos, Craig S Lawlor, David J McMillan, Kadaba S Sriprakash, Natkunam Ketheesan

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Immunology and cell biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Rukshan Am RafeekSchool of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7190-9666
Adam S HamlinSchool of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Nicholas M AndronicosSchool of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Craig S LawlorSchool of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
David J McMillanSchool of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Kadaba S SriprakashSchool of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Natkunam KetheesanSchool of Science & Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
University of New England · AUUniversity of the Sunshine Coast · AUQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Group A streptococcal (GAS) infection is associated with a spectrum of autoimmune diseases including acute rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease (ARF/RHD) and neurobehavioral abnormalities. Antibodies against GAS M proteins cross-react with host tissue proteins in the heart and brain leading to the symptomatology observed in ARF/RHD. As throat carriage of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) has been reported to be relatively high in some ARF/RHD endemic regions compared with GAS, and both SDSE and GAS express coiled-coil surface protein called M protein, we hypothesized that streptococci other than GAS can also associated with ARF/RHD and neurobehavioral abnormalities. Neurobehavioral assessments and electrocardiography were performed on Lewis rats before and after exposure to recombinant GAS and SDSE M proteins. Histological assessments were performed to confirm inflammatory changes in cardiac and neuronal tissues. ELISA and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the cross-reactivity of antibodies with host connective, cardiac and neuronal tissue proteins. Lewis rats injected with M proteins either from GAS or SDSE developed significant cardiac functional and neurobehavioral abnormalities in comparison to control rats injected with phosphate-buffered saline. Antibodies against GAS and SDSE M proteins cross-reacted with cardiac, connective and neuronal proteins. Serum from rats injected with streptococcal antigens showed higher immunoglobulin G binding to the striatum and cortex of the brain. Cardiac and neurobehavioral abnormalities observed in our experimental model were comparable to the cardinal symptoms observed in patients with ARF/RHD. Here for the first time, we demonstrate in an experimental model that M proteins from different streptococcal species could initiate and drive the autoimmune-mediated cardiac tissue damage and neurobehavioral abnormalities.

Indexed as

Rheumatic FeverRheumatic Heart DiseaseStreptococcal InfectionsAnimalsAntigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsCarrier ProteinsModels, TheoreticalRatsRats, Inbred LewAntigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsCarrier Proteinsstreptococcal M proteinAutoimmunitygroup A streptococcusLewis rat modelrheumatic heart diseaseStreptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilissydenham chorea

Identifiers

PMID35792671
PMCPMC9545610
OpenAlexW4283827428

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.