ArticleAllergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology2022
Clinical features and outcomes of patients with wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis: a retrospective study.
Article in Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Climate Change and Food Allergy: Adaptations and Risks at the Intersection of Environment and Health.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Baseline Immune Signatures in Serum Extracellular Vesicles Distinguish Food-Induced from Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Wheat Allergy: Clinical Phenotypes, Diagnostic Approaches, and Management Strategies.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Review
- Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis Patients on a Wheat-Free Diet Exhibit a Gut Microbiota Composition More Similar to Healthy Individuals.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2026Article
- Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis Mimicking Acute Asthma in an Adolescent: A Case Report.Case reports in immunology · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Disease Burden of Wheat Allergy Dependent on Augmentation Factors in Recreationally Active and Trained Individuals.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025Article
- Article
- Routinely Used and Emerging Diagnostic and Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Wheat Allergy.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Detection of Sensitization Profiles with Cellular In Vitro Tests in Wheat Allergy Dependent on Augmentation Factors (WALDA).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Clinical profiles of patients with wheat-induced anaphylaxis at various ages of onset.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) is a serious and potentially life-threatening form of wheat allergy. Further episodes can only be prevented by avoiding wheat ingestion or avoiding exercise after wheat intake. Anaphylaxis may recur in some patients post-diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze the clinical features and management/outcomes of WDEIA in China.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, and laboratory testing of 197 patients with WDEIA. After diagnosis, the patients were followed up as outpatients to evaluate dietary/exercise choice and clinical outcomes.
resultsAmong the 197 WDEIA patients (median age, 37 years), 53.8% were male and 28.4% had other allergic disorders. The median duration of anaphylaxis before diagnosis was 16 months. Significant delays in diagnosis (> 1 years) were recorded in 52.7% of the patients, which has not decreased by years (P = 0.064). Exercise (83.8%), alcohol (12.2%), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (7.1%) were the most common cofactors. The most common clinical features were urticaria (100%), loss of consciousness (82.7%), dyspnea (50.8%), and hypotension (47.2%). Of the 197 eligible patients, 155 responded (78.7%), and 124 (80.0%) of which had no anaphylaxis post-diagnosis. A wheat-free diet prevented future anaphylaxis in 91.7% of the patients, followed by the avoidance of wheat combined with exercise (87%) and reduced wheat intake combined with exercise avoidance (80.5%).
conclusionThe diagnosis of WDEIA is frequently delayed. Therefore, when patients present with unexplained anaphylaxis, the possibility of WDEIA should be considered. A wheat-free diet or avoiding wheat combined with exercise or reduced wheat combined with exercise avoidance helps to significantly reduce the onset of future anaphylaxis. However, approximately one-fifth of patients continue to experience anaphylaxis post-diagnosis. Thus, these patients must always carry epinephrine autoinjectors.
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