ReviewCritical care (London, England)2022
The future of intensive care: delirium should no longer be an issue.
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT05762666 (Pain Monitoring in Intensive Care), which is not on this map. Cited by 62 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pain Monitoring in Intensive Care: How the Use of Nociception Level Index Affects Treatment and Prognosis?
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk prediction models for delirium in ICU patients: a systematic review and critical appraisal.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Pooled it
- Preventive effects of early mobilisation on delirium incidence in critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2025Pooled it
- [Prevention and treatment of long-term sequelae in critically ill patients-the responsibility of intensive care medicine].Die Anaesthesiologie · 2025Pooled it
- Neurocognitive Impairment in Long COVID: A Systematic Review.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pain monitoring in intensive care: How does the nociception level index affect treatment and prognosis? A randomized, controlled, double-blind trial.Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES · 2024Trial
- Rehabilitation and the post-intensive care syndrome across the recovery continuum: a narrative review.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Propofol-Facilitated Recovery Sleep Modulates Cognitive Function via Slow Oscillation-Spindle Coupling After Acute Sleep Deprivation in Rats.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Theoretical Integration for Designing Healing ICU Environments: An Interdisciplinary Framework.HERD · 2026Article
- The Effect of Family Voice Interventions on Delirium Incidence and Duration in Adult ICU Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nursing in critical care · 2026Observational
- Update on long-term physical disability after critical illness: the burden of post-intensive care syndrome.Intensive care medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Predicting delirium in critically Ill COVID-19 patients using EEG-derived data: a machine learning approach.GeroScience · 2026Observational
- Rethinking Mechanical Ventilation: Can Ventilation Mode Influence Long-Term Cognitive Outcomes in ICU Patients with COVID-19?Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Comparison of Open Visiting and Restricted Visiting in ICU Chronic Critical Patients: Effects on Negative Emotions and Delirium.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Humanizing care in the ICU: implementation of the Get to Know Me Board in patient care.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Incidence and risk factors of post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) in sepsis survivors: a prospective, observational study.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Observational
- Delirium Management in Critical Care: Are We Moving Forward or Still Treading Water?Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Relationship Between Thirst and the Incidence of Delirium in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units: A Cross Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Virtual reality for relaxation in intensive care unit patients: feasibility, acceptability and intervention adaptation.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the ideal intensive care unit (ICU) of the future, all patients are free from delirium, a syndrome of brain dysfunction frequently observed in critical illness and associated with worse ICU-related outcomes and long-term cognitive impairment. Although screening for delirium requires limited time and effort, this devastating disorder remains underestimated during routine ICU care. The COVID-19 pandemic brought a catastrophic reduction in delirium monitoring, prevention, and patient care due to organizational issues, lack of personnel, increased use of benzodiazepines and restricted family visitation. These limitations led to increases in delirium incidence, a situation that should never be repeated. Good sedation practices should be complemented by novel ICU design and connectivity, which will facilitate non-pharmacological sedation, anxiolysis and comfort that can be supplemented by balanced pharmacological interventions when necessary. Improvements in the ICU sound, light control, floor planning, and room arrangement can facilitate a healing environment that minimizes stressors and aids delirium prevention and management. The fundamental prerequisite to realize the delirium-free ICU, is an awake non-sedated, pain-free comfortable patient whose management follows the A to F (A-F) bundle. Moreover, the bundle should be expanded with three additional letters, incorporating humanitarian care: gaining (G) insight into patient needs, delivering holistic care with a 'home-like' (H) environment, and redefining ICU architectural design (I). Above all, the delirium-free world relies upon people, with personal challenges for critical care teams to optimize design, environmental factors, management, time spent with the patient and family and to humanize ICU care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.