ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2023
Distribution of Serotypes Causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children From High-Income Countries and the Impact of Pediatric Pneumococcal Vaccination.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical effectiveness and impact of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease among children with risk conditions: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- Serotype distribution of invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal disease in children ≤5 years of age following the introduction of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infant national immunization programs: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Chemoprophylaxis for Recurrent Acute Otitis Media in Children.Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Serotype distribution of invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal disease in adults ≥65 years of age following the introduction of 10- and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infant national immunization programs: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Antimicrobial resistance ofFrontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and safety of a multi-human dose formulation of Biological E's 14-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PNEUBEVAX 14Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- A phase 3, single-arm, open-label study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, V114, in a 3+1 regimen in healthy infants in South Korea (PNEU-PED-KOR).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Retrospective Three-Center Study in Zhejiang Province, China (2010-2024).Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonising Cypriot children during a period of high PCV10 and PCV13 vaccine coverage: serotypes and antimicrobial resistance.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Distribution ofVaccines · 2026Review
- Impact of sequential pediatric pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV10/PCV13/PCV10) on serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance in invasive and non-invasiveFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Estimated pneumococcal disease burden in children due to serotypes covered by different pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in five Latin American countries.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Pneumococci detected in sterile body fluids of pediatric patients postpandemic trends from a single center.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Toward Universal Protection: A Comprehensive Review of Pneumococcal Disease, Emerging Vaccination Challenges and Future Perspectives.Vaccines · 2025Review
- The microbiological characteristics and diagnosis ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Clinical and evidence-based considerations for choosing a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in India: A narrative review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Approaches to assess new pneumococcal vaccines for immunogenicity, development and licensure.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Burden of Pneumococcal Disease and Adult Vaccination Landscape: An Overview with Data and Policy Insights from Türkiye.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe introduction and adoption of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) into pediatric national immunization programs (NIPs) has led to large decreases in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence caused by vaccine serotypes. Despite these reductions, the global IPD burden in children remains significant.
methodsWe collected serotype-specific IPD data from surveillance systems or hospital networks of all 30 high-income countries that met inclusion criteria. Data sources included online databases, surveillance system reports, and peer-reviewed literature. Percentage of serotyped cases covered were calculated for all countries combined and by PCV type in the pediatric NIP.
resultsWe identified 8012 serotyped IPD cases in children <5 or ≤5 years old. PCV13 serotype IPD caused 37.4% of total IPD cases, including 57.1% and 25.2% for countries with PCV10 or PCV13 in the pediatric NIP, respectively, most commonly due to serotypes 3 and 19A (11.4% and 13.3%, respectively, across all countries). In PCV10 countries, PCV15 and PCV20 would cover an additional 45.1% and 55.6% of IPD beyond serotypes contained in PCV10, largely due to coverage of serotype 19A. In PCV13 countries, PCV15 and PCV20 would cover an additional 10.6% and 38.2% of IPD beyond serotypes contained in PCV13. The most common IPD serotypes covered by higher valency PCVs were 10A (5.2%), 12F (5.1%), and 22F and 33F (3.5% each).
conclusionsMuch of the remaining IPD burden is due to serotypes included in PCV15 and PCV20. The inclusion of these next generation PCVs into existing pediatric NIPs may further reduce the incidence of childhood IPD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.