ArticleBlood advances2022
High early death rates, treatment resistance, and short survival of Black adolescents and young adults with AML.
Article in Blood advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of race and ethnicity on hematopoietic stem cell transplant outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Cytarabine Pharmacogenomics and Outcomes Among Children and Young Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Pharmacogenomic Score Effectively Personalizes Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Trial
- Pharmacogenomics, Race, and Treatment Outcome in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Impact of race on mutational profile and survival in acute myeloid leukemia: a single-institution experience (2014-2024).Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Clinical and sociodemographic predictors of intensive care unit admission following chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Real-world generalizability of clinical trial cytomolecular risk in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the REAL-AML cohort.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Stratifying survival: the role of social determinants of health on AML outcomes by ELN 2022 criteria.Blood advances · 2026Article
- AML Disparities Across Racial Ancestry Groups: A Spotlight on the NPM1 Mutations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Knowledgeable Language Models as Black-Box Optimizers for Personalized Medicine.... International Conference on Learning Representations · 2026Article
- Ancestry-associated social and genomic hallmarks linked with inferior outcome in elderly acute myeloid leukemia.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- A Novel Approach to Prognostic Factors and Risk Stratification in Pediatric AML: Case Report and Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Risk of early death after acute leukemia diagnosis among adolescents and young adults.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Article
- Review
- Sex and Gender in Myeloid and Lymphoblastic Leukemias and Multiple Myeloma: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Outcomes.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Addressing Health Disparities in Hematologic Malignancies: from Genes to Outreach.Blood cancer discovery · 2025Review
- Evolving racial/ethnic disparities in AML survival in the novel therapy era.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Multiomic profiling identifies predictors of survival in African American patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- Impact of patient demographics on treatment outcomes in AML: a population-based registry in England, 2013-2020.Blood advances · 2024Article
- The American Society of Hematology Health Equity Compendium: examining health equity across the Blood journals.Blood advances · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Survival of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is inversely associated with age, but the impact of race on outcomes of adolescent and young adult (AYA; range, 18-39 years) patients is unknown. We compared survival of 89 non-Hispanic Black and 566 non-Hispanic White AYA patients with AML treated on frontline Cancer and Leukemia Group B/Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology protocols. Samples of 327 patients (50 Black and 277 White) were analyzed via targeted sequencing. Integrated genomic profiling was performed on select longitudinal samples. Black patients had worse outcomes, especially those aged 18 to 29 years, who had a higher early death rate (16% vs 3%; P=.002), lower complete remission rate (66% vs 83%; P=.01), and decreased overall survival (OS; 5-year rates: 22% vs 51%; P<.001) compared with White patients. Survival disparities persisted across cytogenetic groups: Black patients aged 18 to 29 years with non-core-binding factor (CBF)-AML had worse OS than White patients (5-year rates: 12% vs 44%; P<.001), including patients with cytogenetically normal AML (13% vs 50%; P<.003). Genetic features differed, including lower frequencies of normal karyotypes and NPM1 and biallelic CEBPA mutations, and higher frequencies of CBF rearrangements and ASXL1, BCOR, and KRAS mutations in Black patients. Integrated genomic analysis identified both known and novel somatic variants, and relative clonal stability at relapse. Reduced response rates to induction chemotherapy and leukemic clone persistence suggest a need for different treatment intensities and/or modalities in Black AYA patients with AML. Higher early death rates suggest a delay in diagnosis and treatment, calling for systematic changes to patient care.
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Registered trials
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