ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Beta-Hydroxybutyrate: A Dual Function Molecular and Immunological Barrier Function Regulator.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of glucose on medium chain triglyceride induced ketosis in healthy adults in a randomized, double-blind, controlled study.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Gestational Ketosis Compromises Nephron Endowment and Long-Term Kidney Function in Offspring.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Ketogenesis as a Metabolic Checkpoint in MASLD: Implications for Disease Progression and Therapy.Metabolites · 2026Review
- β-Hydroxybutyrate attenuates bronchial smooth muscle proinflammatory cytokine production and contraction.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- The value of targeting ketone body metabolism in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- From acidification to multi-targeted cellular modulation: dual impact of hydroxy acids on the skin microbiota and the epidermal barrier.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Regulatory Landscapes of Protein Acylations in Neuroinflammation: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targets.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- BDH1-Dependent Ketone Body Metabolism Maintains Müller Cell Homeostasis and Retinal Function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Interplay between age, APOE Ɛ4 and the metabolome in plasma and brain in Alzheimer's disease.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Bioenergetics and metabolism of the pulmonary endothelium. Scientific session I: ReSPIRE 2025.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Translational Relevance of β-Hydroxybutyrate as an Intermediate Metabolite and Signaling Molecule.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Metabolite-mediated interactions and direct contact between Fusobacterium varium and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex-specific changes in energy demand during the preplaque stage in a transgenic Alzheimer's mouse model.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- The Effect of Exogenous Ketones on Signs and Symptoms of Schizophrenia Spectrum and Bipolar Disorders: Study Protocol for a Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Crossover Pilot Study.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Ketogenic diet and cancer: multidimensional exploration and research.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Review
- β-Hydroxybutyrate-induced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release mediated innate inflammatory response in bovine mammary epithelial cells by inhibiting autophagy.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Exploring the potential of gemcitabine-metal-organic frameworks in combating pancreatic cancer under ketogenic conditions.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- CD8Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Machine Learning based Model Reveals the Metabolites Involved in Coronary Artery Disease.Biomedical engineering and computational biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ketone bodies are crucial intermediate metabolites widely associated with treating metabolic diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that ketone bodies may act as immunoregulators in humans and animals to attenuate pathological inflammation through multiple strategies. Although the clues are scattered and untrimmed, the elevation of these ketone bodies in the circulation system and tissues induced by ketogenic diets was reported to affect the immunological barriers, an important part of innate immunity. Therefore, beta-hydroxybutyrate, a key ketone body, might also play a vital role in regulating the barrier immune systems. In this review, we retrospected the endogenous ketogenesis in animals and the dual roles of ketone bodies as energy carriers and signal molecules focusing on beta-hydroxybutyrate. In addition, the research regarding the effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on the function of the immunological barrier, mainly on the microbiota, chemical, and physical barriers of the mucosa, were outlined and discussed. As an inducible endogenous metabolic small molecule, beta-hydroxybutyrate deserves delicate investigations focusing on its immunometabolic efficacy. Comprehending the connection between ketone bodies and the barrier immunological function and its underlining mechanisms may help exploit individualised approaches to treat various mucosa or skin-related diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.