ArticleEClinicalMedicine2022
The duration of spontaneous active and pushing phases of labour among 75,243 US women when intervention is minimal: A prospective, observational cohort study.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Meteorological Conditions on the Circadian Rhythm of Births.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- More than the passage of time: neonatal health and active labor duration, the mediating role of chorioamnionitis.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2025Observational
- Artificial intelligence-based prediction of second stage duration in labor: a multicenter retrospective cohort analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- A model to predict delivery time following induction of labor at term with a dinoprostone vaginal insert: a retrospective study.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Observational
- Observational
- A prolonged latent phase: An early career in oxytocin during birth.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Uterine dynamics, blood profiles, and electronic fetal monitoring of primiparous and multiparous bitches classified according to their weight.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Friedman's curve, despite acknowledged limitations, has greatly influenced labour management. Interventions to hasten birth are now ubiquitous, challenging the contemporary study of normal labour. Our primary purpose was to characterise normal active labour and pushing durations in a large, contemporary sample experiencing minimal intervention, stratified by parity, age, and body mass index (BMI). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the national, validated Midwives Alliance of North America 4·0 (MANA Stats) data registry ( Findings: Compared to multiparous women ( Interpretation: Nulliparous women had significantly longer active first stage and pushing phase durations than multiparous women, with further variation noted by age and by BMI. Contemporary US women with low-risk pregnancies who intended birth in settings absent common obstetric interventions and in spontaneous labour with a live, vertex, term, singleton, non-anomalous fetus experienced labour durations that were often longer than prior characterizations, particularly among nulliparous women. Results overcome prior and current sampling limitations to refine understanding of normal labour durations and time thresholds signaling 'labour dystocia'. Funding: OHSU Nursing Innovation and OHSU University Shared Resources.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.