ReviewMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2022
Cytokines and microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2: What do we know?
Review in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in COVID-19: a review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes mitigate COVID-19 cytokine storm via Annexin A1 and TGF-β mediated MAPK pathway inhibition.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Validation of a Bead-Based Multiplex Assay for miRNA Quantification in Rat Liver Inflammation.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Comprehensive mapping of the signaling events evoked by SARS-CoV-2 variants delta and omicron in human astrocytes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical Manifestations and Cytokine Profiles of the Th1, Th2, and Th17 Response Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Mucosal implications of oral Jak3-targeted drugs in COVID patients.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- MicroRNA as Key Players in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights into Their Role in Metastasis.Biochemical genetics · 2025Review
- Bayesian Modeling of the Impact of HBOT on the Reduction in Cytokine Storms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Exosomes and microRNAs as mediators of the exercise.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- The role of inflammatory gene polymorphisms in severe COVID-19: a review.Virology journal · 2024Review
- TAFRO Syndrome and COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Conversion and Obsessive-Phobic Symptoms Predict IL-33 and IL-28A Levels in Individuals Diagnosed with COVID-19.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- COVID-19 Causes Ferroptosis and Oxidative Stress in Human Endothelial Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Interplay of host and viral factors in inflammatory pathway mediated cytokine storm during RNA virus infection.Current research in immunology · 2023Review
- Therapeutic implications of current Janus kinase inhibitors as anti-COVID agents: A review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels as an indicator of severity and mortality for COVID-19.Northern clinics of Istanbul · 2023Article
- The key role of microRNA-766 in the cancer development.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Role of interferons in the antiviral battle: from virus-host crosstalk to prophylactic and therapeutic potential in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Association between genetic polymorphism, severity, and treatment response among COVID-19 infected Egyptian patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic constitutes a global health emergency. Currently, there are no completely effective therapeutic medications for the management of this outbreak. The cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory medical condition due to excessive and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients suffering from severe COVID-19, leading to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and even mortality. Understanding the pathophysiology of COVID-19 can be helpful for the treatment of patients. Evidence suggests that the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 are dramatically different between mild and severe patients, so they may be important contributors to the cytokine storm. Several serum markers can be predictors for the cytokine storm. This review discusses the cytokines involved in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, focusing on interferons (IFNs) and ILs, and whether they can be used in COVID-19 treatment. Moreover, we highlight several microRNAs that are involved in these cytokines and their role in the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.