ReviewThe oncologist2022
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Unexplored Landscape of Geriatric Oncology.
Review in The oncologist, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anlotinib plus toripalimab as a first-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer and performance status 2: the phase II APICAL-GC trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Geriatric Population: Toward a Frailty-Adapted Therapeutic Paradigm.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Global research trends of immunosenescence and immunotherapy: A bibliometric study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- The Impact of Age on the Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of comorbidity on immune-related adverse events and survival in older cancer patients treated with immunotherapy.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Senescent immune cells in the tumor microenvironment: emerging insights into cancer immunotherapy resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Age-Associated Contraction of Tumor-Specific T Cells Impairs Antitumor Immunity.Cancer immunology research · 2024Article
- The Role of Aging and Senescence in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response and Toxicity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Hospitalized cancer patients with comorbidities and low lymphocyte counts had poor clinical outcomes to immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cancer is classically considered a disease of aging, with over half of all new cancer diagnoses occurring in patients over the age of 65 years. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, yet the participation of older adults with cancer in ICI trials has been suboptimal, particularly at the extremes of age. Despite significant improvement in treatment response and an improved toxicity profile when compared with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapies, many cancers develop resistance to ICIs, and these drugs are not free of toxicities. This becomes particularly important in the setting of older adults with cancer, who are generally frailer and harbor more comorbidities than do their younger counterparts. Immunosenescence, a concept involving age-related changes in immune function, may also play a role in differential responses to ICI treatment in older patients. Data on ICI treatment response in older adult with cancers remains inconclusive, with multiple studies revealing conflicting results. The molecular mechanisms underlying response to ICIs in older cancer patients are poorly understood, and predictors of response that can delineate responders from non-responders remain to be elucidated. In this review, we explore the unique geriatric oncology population by analyzing existing retrospective datasets, and we also sought to highlight potential cellular, inflammatory, and molecular changes associated with aging as potential biomarkers for response to ICIs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.