Extramedullary relapse of acute myeloid leukemia in brachial plexus after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a case report.

Shogo Shirota, Daisuke Katoh, Yoshimitsu Shimomura, Yukihiro Imai, Takayuki Ishikawa

Open access · goldAbstract readCase Reports

In one paragraph

Article in BMC neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 50% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

Leukaemia cutis as a late, isolated extramedullary relapse: a case report of a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia 6 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and remission.Skin health and disease · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Shogo ShirotaDepartment of General Internal Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.

Daisuke KatohDepartment of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.

Yoshimitsu ShimomuraDepartment of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan. shimomura_0119@yahoo.co.jp.

Yukihiro ImaiDepartment of Pathology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.

Takayuki IshikawaDepartment of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.

Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative treatment for acute myeloid leukemia. However, extramedullary relapse of acute myeloid leukemia can occur after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, causing treatment failure. Extramedullary relapse rarely involves the peripheral nerves, and it is not influenced by the effect of the graft on leukemia. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of extramedullary relapse of acute myeloid leukemia in the brachial plexus of a 41-year-old woman treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Complete hematological remission was confirmed by bone marrow examination 1 month after HSCT, and she developed no major complications immediately after HSCT. The immunosuppressant was discontinued 5 months later. However, 2 weeks after immunosuppressant withdrawal, the patient developed left arm pain and paresthesia, with subsequent development of a mass in the left brachial plexus. She was initially diagnosed with brachial plexus neuropathy because of concomitant graft-versus-host disease. Despite the administration of immunosuppressive agents, the mass continued to enlarge. The biopsy of the lesion revealed leukemic relapse. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with extramedullary relapse and underwent radiotherapy, resulting in tumor shrinkage.

conclusionExtramedullary relapse should be considered a differential diagnosis in post-transplant patients with leukemia presenting with paresthesia.

Indexed as

Brachial PlexusHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationLeukemia, Myeloid, AcuteAdultChronic DiseaseFemaleHumansImmunosuppressive AgentsParesthesiaRecurrenceImmunosuppressive AgentsAcute myeloid leukemiaAllogeneic stem cell transplantationBrachial nerveExtramedullary relapse

Identifiers

PMID35778695

DOI10.1186/s12883-022-02768-1

PMCPMC9248145

OpenAlexW4283755168

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.