ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2022
Gender-related factors and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest incidence in women and men: analysis of a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of the association between marital status and hypertension: evaluating the impact of age and gender.American journal of cardiovascular disease · 2026Review
- Mapping the evidence on the intersection of gender and social determinants of health in health inequality: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Predictors of Mortality in Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) Patients: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study from the Sultanate of Oman.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Meta-analysis of the association between marital status and cardiovascular diseases.JRSM cardiovascular diseaseReview
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) differs consistently between women and men. Besides sex-related (biological) factors, OHCA risk may relate to gender-related (sociocultural) factors. We explored the association of selected gender-related factors with OHCA incidence in women and men.
methodsWe combined data on emergency medical services-attended OHCA with individual-level data from all women and men aged ≥25 years living in North Holland, the Netherlands. We estimated the associations between employment status, primary earner status, living with children and marital status and the OHCA incidence with Cox proportional hazards models stratified by sex and adjusted for age and socioeconomic status. To determine if metabolic factors explain the associations, we added hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia to the models. Population attributable fractions (PAF) for all gender-related factors were calculated.
resultsAll four gender-related factors were associated with OHCA incidence (eg, unemployed vs employed; HR 1.98, 95% CI 1.67 to 2.35 in women; HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.44 to 1.79 in men). In both sexes, those unemployed, those who are not primary earners, those living without children, and married or divorced individuals had an increased OHCA risk. The PAF ranged from 4.9 to 40.3 in women and from 4.4 to 15.5 in men, with the highest PAF for employment status in both sexes. Metabolic risk factors did not explain the observed associations.
conclusionGender-related factors were associated with risk of OHCA and contributed substantially to the OHCA burden at the population level, particularly in women. Employment status contributed most to the OHCA burden.
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