ArticleGesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany))2022
[Psychological Stress and its Consequences for the Cost of Illness: a Longitudinal Study in Germany].
Article in Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- [Mental health problems among employees: service use and costs to the German healthcare system].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of mental illness on the level and composition of medical costs (outpatient costs, hospital costs, rehabilitation costs, drug costs) over time.
methodIn a longitudinal design, we examined the psychological distress of 3,287 study participants from the adult general population using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and its effect on the level and composition of medical costs resulting from mental illness in the year of survey t0 and the two subsequent years [t1] {t2}.
resultsCompared to the reference group with no mental distress, the cost of illness was significantly increased by a factor of 2.0 [2.2] {1.5} in the low mental distress group, by a factor of 3.7 [4.2] {3.1} in those with moderate mental distress, and by a factor of 7.5 [9.0] {5.2} in those with severe mental distress. Over time, significant effects on illness costs appeared only at the two outer edges of psychological distress levels (no and severe distress levels). As the level of mental distress increased, hospital costs dominated total costs due to mental distress and the proportion of outpatient medical costs in total costs decreased.
conclusionsThe costs of illness rise steeply with the degree of mental stress. Preventing the progression of mental illness is therefore important not only from an individual but also from a health economic perspective.
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