SynthesisOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2022
The imminent risk of a fracture-existing worldwide data: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondary fracture risk after hip fracture in older patients: an updated sex-specific systematic review and meta analysis with GRADE and PAF assessment.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Pooled it
- ESR Essentials: Vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic fractures-practice recommendations by the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe.European radiology · 2026Guideline
- Refracture following vertebral fragility fracture when bone fragility is not recognized: summarizing findings from comparator arms of randomized clinical trials.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Pooled it
- The integrated structure of care: evidence for the efficacy of models of clinical governance in the prevention of fragility fractures after recent sentinel fracture after the age of 50 years.Archives of osteoporosis · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Romosozumab in patients who experienced an on-study fracture: post hoc analyses of the FRAME and ARCH phase 3 trials.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Trial
- Surface-Engineered Phytochemical Nanomedicines for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Skeletal Targeting, Imaging-Supported Evaluation, and Therapeutic Performance.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Reprogramming the Aging Type H Vascular Niche via Myeloid Angiogenic Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Mechanisms, Engineering Strategies, and Translational Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Position paper: a coordinated approach to fracture and fall prevention from seven international organizations.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Actionable osteoporosis alerts in musculoskeletal radiology reports improve secondary fracture prevention after orthopaedic fragility fractures.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- Romosozumab increases bone mineral density in postmenopausal Chinese women with osteoporosis: A randomised phase three study.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
- Treatment Patterns in Hospitalized Hip Fracture Patients: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis Around the New Fee for Secondary Fracture Prevention in Japan.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Article
- Fragility fractures of the pelvis and long-term outcomes among older adults with osteoporosis: a real-world cohort study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Second contralateral hip fractures reduce survival, mobility and daily activity : a matched pair analysis.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Article
- Association of orthogeriatric co-management with the occurrence of secondary fragility fractures in patients with an initial hip fracture.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- A novel score system for imminent new vertebral fracture risk after vertebral augmentation: the predictive value of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Perspective: Fragility Fracture Network in the Nordic Orthopaedic Federations countries - the role of orthopaedic surgeons.Acta orthopaedica · 2026Article
- What is the burden of fractures for a nation? An analysis of statutory health insurance cases in Germany.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Development of a prediction model for recurrent vertebral fractures in patients two years after vertebral augmentation using noninvasive data: a retrospective study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Implementing an Optimized Perioperative Strategy for Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: Clinical Application and Outcome Evaluation.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The overall incidence of imminent fracture after a prior fragility fracture was 7.58% in the first year and 11.58% in the first 2 years. Approximately half of re-fractures occurred in the first 2 years after a fragility fracture. Older patients that have suffered from a fragility fracture should be treated promptly, with immediate care and a secondary fracture prevention to prevent the high imminent risk of a fracture.
introductionImminent fractures refer to the fractures that occur within 2 years of an initial fracture. It is well known that the risk of a subsequent fracture is not constant with time and occurs shortly after the initial one. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to present the existing data on imminent fracture worldwide.
methodsLiterature search was conducted in Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases until 26 October 2021 for studies reporting the incidence of imminent osteoporotic fractures among people aged 50 years or older. The overall incidence of imminent fracture was pooled and subgroup analyses of index fracture sites and regions on incidence of imminent fracture were performed, with the 95% confidence interval (CI) being calculated. Percentage of imminent fracture occurring in follow-up period was calculated and pooled by meta-analysis. Hazard ratio (HR) was used to estimate the gender differences on the imminent risk of fracture.
resultsA total of 1446 articles were identified. Nineteen observational studies were eligible for our systematic review, in which 18 were used for quantitative analysis. Pooled overall incidence of imminent fracture in the first year after an osteoporotic fracture was 7.58% (95% CI 5.84 to 9.31%) and cumulative incidence in the first 2 years was 11.58% (95% CI 8.94 to 14.21%). Subgroup analysis showed that in the first 2 years, the pooled incidence in Asia was 7.30% (95% CI 3.42 to 11.18%), whilst incidence in Europe/North America was 13.17% (95% CI 10.14 to 16.20%). In included studies with follow-up period of more than 5 years, pooled imminent fracture percentage in the first 2 years was 47.24% (95% CI 26.18 to 68.30%). Hazard ratio (HR) on gender showed that women had an overall slight increase in risk of imminent fractures (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.25).
conclusionThe incidence of imminent fracture is high globally at 11.58%. Approximately half of all refractures occur in the first 2 years after an index fragility fracture. Older patients that have suffered from a fragility fracture should be treated promptly. Also, immediate care and secondary fracture prevention are necessary to prevent the high imminent risk of a fracture, especially within the first 2 years.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.