ArticleJournal of diabetes science and technology2024
Smart Pen Exposes Missed Basal Insulin Injections and Reveals the Impact on Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.
Article in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06192940 (Impact of Smart Connected Insulin Pens on Quality of Life in Dependent Patients with Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Measurement), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of Smart Connected Insulin Pens on Quality of Life in Dependent Patients with Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Measurement
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of once-weekly basal insulin therapy in people with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Pharmacological characteristics of once-weekly insulin icodec in Japanese individuals with type 1 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Trial
- Insulin pens and the digital ecosystem.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Once-Weekly Subcutaneous Insulin Efsitora for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.Medeniyet medical journal · 2026Article
- Advances in diabetes technology: clinical implications, limitations, and future perspectives.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Review
- Contributions of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring frequency and bolus insulin dosing on time in range: Analysis of data from CGM and connected insulin pens.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Insights into the effective use of the Smart MDI system: Data from the first 1852 type 1 diabetes users.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec in Indian Participants with Diabetes: Results from ONWARDS 1, 4, and 6 Studies.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Glycaemic control after connected insulin pen initiation in people living with diabetes: Results from a real-world setting.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Observational
- Assessment of diabetes knowledge, hypoglycaemia awareness, and adherence to insulin pen usage practices among diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study of determinants and educational needs.BMC public health · 2025Article
- 2025 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Connected Insulin Pens and Pen Caps: Expanding Diabetes Technology Access and Adoption.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Association Between Treatment Adherence and Continuous Glucose Monitoring Outcomes in People With Diabetes Using Smart Insulin Pens in a Real-World Setting.Diabetes care · 2024Article
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a brave new world.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Article
- Advantages and disadvantages of connected insulin pens in diabetes management.Endocrine connections · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdherence to basal insulin injections and the effects of missed basal insulin injections in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) were investigated using data from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and smart insulin pen devices in a real-world study.
methodsThis was a post hoc analysis of a prospective, real-world study conducted in Sweden. Adults with T1D who were using CGM received a smart insulin pen device (NovoPen 6) for insulin injections. Missed basal insulin doses (≥40 hours between doses) were evaluated over 14-day periods, and the probability of missing basal insulin doses was estimated. Associations between missed basal insulin doses and glycemic outcomes were also explored.
resultsThirty-two patients with 4410 acceptable CGM days (315 14-day periods) were included. The number of missed basal insulin doses ranged from 0 to 4 over 315 14-day periods. The estimated probability of missing at least one basal insulin dose over any given 14-day period was 22% (95% confidence interval: 10%-40%). Missed basal insulin doses were significantly associated with higher mean glycemic levels, higher glucose management indicator, and lower time in range (70-180 mg/dL [3.9-10.0 mmol/L]). Similar results were observed when adjusted for missed bolus insulin doses; age and sex had no statistically significant effect on any glycemic parameter.
conclusionsThis is the first study, based on accurate real-world injection data, to demonstrate the challenge of adherence to basal insulin injections in patients with T1D, and document that just one missed basal injection per week can result in clinically significant changes in glycemic control.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.