ArticleScientific reports2022
The influence of meteorological factors and terrain on air pollution concentration and migration: a geostatistical case study from Krakow, Poland.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ambient air quality and health impacts of PMScience advances · 2026Article
- Air pollution macro-regions identification using machine learning and spatio-temporal analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Explainable AI for effective management of urban heat sources.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The impact of ambient air pollution and meteorological factors on emergency hospital admissions of COPD patients in Poland (2012-2019).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Chemical investigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon sources in an urban area with complex air quality challenges.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Influence of meteorological conditions on the variability of indoor and outdoor particulate matter concentrations in a selected Polish health resort.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Indication Variability of the Particulate Matter Sensors Dependent on Their Location.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Air pollution seasons in urban moderate climate areas through big data analytics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A mobile car monitoring system as a supplementary tool for air quality monitoring in urban and rural environments: the case study from Poland.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Despite the very restrictive laws, Krakow is known as the city with the highest level of air pollution in Europe. It has been proven that, due to its location, air pollutants are transported to this city from neighboring municipalities. In this study, a complex geostatistical approach for spatio-temporal analysis of particulate matter (PM) concentrations was applied. For background noise reduction, data were recorded during the COVID-19 lockdown using 100 low-cost sensors and were validated based on indications from reference stations. Standardized Geographically Weighted Regression, local Moran's I spatial autocorrelation analysis, and Getis-Ord Gi* statistic for hot-spot detection with Kernel Density Estimation maps were used. The results indicate the relation between the topography, meteorological variables, and PM concentrations. The main factors are wind speed (even if relatively low) and terrain elevation. The study of the PM2.5/PM10 ratio allowed for a detailed analysis of spatial pollution migration, including source differentiation. This research indicates that Krakow's unfavorable location makes it prone to accumulating pollutants from its neighborhood. The main source of air pollution in the investigated period is solid fuel heating outside the city. The study shows the importance and variability of the analyzed factors' influence on air pollution inflow and outflow from the city.
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