ArticleCell2022
Antibody escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 from vaccine and BA.1 serum.
2 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Cell, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 469 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
469citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase I/III Randomized, Double-blind Study to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy and Neutralizing Activity of AZD5156/AZD3152 for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19 in Participants With Conditions Causing Immune Impairment. Sub-study: Phase II Open Label Sub-study to Evaluate the Safety, PK, and Neutralizing Activity of AZD3152 for Pre-exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Phase II Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Immunogenicity of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Alpha/Beta/Delta/Omicron Variants S Trimer Protein Vaccine (SCTV01E) in a Vaccinated Population
Who cites it
469 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Unveiling protection: a meta-analysis of tixagevimab-cilgavimab prophylaxis in 28,950 transplant recipients and immunocompromised patients against COVID-19.Virology journal · 2025Pooled it
- Immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants to therapeutic monoclonal antibodies: a system review and meta-analysis.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Safety and Immunogenicity of a Fourth Dose of Omicron BA.1-Adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults 18-55 Years Old.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Long-Acting Monoclonal Antibodies Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab (AZD7442) in a China Phase 2 Study and Evaluation of Asian Race Effect.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2025Trial
- Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody SA55 injection in healthy participants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Neutralizing antibody immune correlates in COVAIL trial recipients of an mRNA second COVID-19 vaccine boost.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Increased antibody titers but induced T cell AICD and apoptosis response in COVID-19 convalescents by inactivated vaccine booster.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Trial
- ACE2-fused nanobody targeting a cryptic RBD epitope broadly neutralizes SARS-like viruses.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Structure-Guided Design of Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants.Research square · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection reveals imprinted antibody responses in the absence of vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Building better antibody responses: The interplay of infection, vaccination, and immune imprinting.PNAS nexus · 2026Review
- Biophysical trade-offs in antibody evolution are resolved by conformation-mediated epistasis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Natural Selection-Guided ACE2-Targeted Molecular Imaging: A New Paradigm for PET Tracer Development.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- Impacts of neutralizing antibody responses on SARS-CoV-2 evolution and its associated disease progression.Immunity & inflammation · 2026Article
- Structural Remodeling of Phage φPNJ-6 Hoc Promotes Adhesion to the Intestinal Epithelium.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Systematic Determinants of Global COVID-19 Burden: Longitudinal Time-Series Analysis Using Big Data-Driven Artificial Intelligence.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- T and B cell responses following primary COVID-19 vaccination with CoronaVac and two heterologous BNT162b2 booster doses.mSphere · 2025Article
409 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
38 authors.
Aekkachai TuekprakhonWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Rungtiwa NutalaiWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Aiste Dijokaite-GuraliucWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Daming ZhouDivision of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Helen M GinnDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
Muneeswaran SelvarajWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Chang LiuWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Alexander J MentzerWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Piyada SupasaWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Helen M E DuyvesteynDivision of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK.
Raksha DasWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Donal SkellyOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, UK; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Thomas G RitterOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Ali AminiOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sagida BibiOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sandra AdeleOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Sile Ann JohnsonOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Bede ConstantinidesNuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Hermione WebsterNuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Nigel TempertonViral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent and Greenwich Chatham Maritime, Kent, UK.
Paul KlenermanOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
Eleanor BarnesOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, UK; Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
Susanna J DunachieOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, UK; Centre For Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Derrick CrookNuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Andrew J PollardOxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
Teresa LambeChinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Philip GoulderPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford, UK; Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Neil G PatersonDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
Mark A WilliamsDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
David R HallDiamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
OPTIC Consortium
ISARIC4C Consortium
Elizabeth E FryDivision of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: liz@strubi.ox.ac.uk.
Jiandong HuoDivision of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: dongdong.imm.ox.ac.uk@gmail.com.
Juthathip MongkolsapayaWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: juthathip.mongkolsapaya@well.ox.ac.uk.
Jingshan RenDivision of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: ren@strubi.ox.ac.uk.
David I StuartDivision of Structural Biology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK. Electronic address: dave@strubi.ox.ac.uk.
Gavin R ScreatonWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Electronic address: gavin.screaton@medsci.ox.ac.uk.
Funding
Department of Health NIHR300791Medical Research Council MC_PC_19059Medical Research Council MR/L006588/1Medical Research Council MR/N00065X/1Medical Research Council MR/V001329/1Wellcome Trust 090532/Z/09/ZWellcome Trust 101122/Z/13/ZWellcome Trust 203141/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust 203224/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust WT109965MA
Abstract
The Omicron lineage of SARS-CoV-2, which was first described in November 2021, spread rapidly to become globally dominant and has split into a number of sublineages. BA.1 dominated the initial wave but has been replaced by BA.2 in many countries. Recent sequencing from South Africa's Gauteng region uncovered two new sublineages, BA.4 and BA.5, which are taking over locally, driving a new wave. BA.4 and BA.5 contain identical spike sequences, and although closely related to BA.2, they contain further mutations in the receptor-binding domain of their spikes. Here, we study the neutralization of BA.4/5 using a range of vaccine and naturally immune serum and panels of monoclonal antibodies. BA.4/5 shows reduced neutralization by the serum from individuals vaccinated with triple doses of AstraZeneca or Pfizer vaccine compared with BA.1 and BA.2. Furthermore, using the serum from BA.1 vaccine breakthrough infections, there are, likewise, significant reductions in the neutralization of BA.4/5, raising the possibility of repeat Omicron infections.
Indexed as
COVID-19Viral VaccinesAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralHumansNeutralization TestsSARS-CoV-2South AfricaAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralViral Vaccinesantibody escapeBA.4BA.5COVID-19OmicronSARS-CoV-2variantVoC
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT05648110ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05652543ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.