Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35772072›Full record

ArticlePloS one2022

Proposal of Smith-Waterman algorithm on FPGA to accelerate the forward and backtracking steps.

Fabio F de Oliveira, Leonardo A Dias, Marcelo A C Fernandes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Fabio F de OliveiraLaboratory of Machine Learning and Intelligent Instrumentation, nPITI/IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Leonardo A DiasCentre for Cyber Security and Privacy, School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-8442-3291
Marcelo A C FernandesLaboratory of Machine Learning and Intelligent Instrumentation, nPITI/IMD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-7536-2506

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In bioinformatics, alignment is an essential technique for finding similarities between biological sequences. Usually, the alignment is performed with the Smith-Waterman (SW) algorithm, a well-known sequence alignment technique of high-level precision based on dynamic programming. However, given the massive data volume in biological databases and their continuous exponential increase, high-speed data processing is necessary. Therefore, this work proposes a parallel hardware design for the SW algorithm with a systolic array structure to accelerate the forward and backtracking steps. For this purpose, the architecture calculates and stores the paths in the forward stage for pre-organizing the alignment, which reduces the complexity of the backtracking stage. The backtracking starts from the maximum score position in the matrix and generates the optimal SW sequence alignment path. The architecture was validated on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and synthesis analyses have shown that the proposed design reaches up to 79.5 Giga Cell Updates per Second (GCPUS).

Indexed as

AlgorithmsComputational BiologyDatabases, FactualEquipment DesignSequence AlignmentSoftware

Identifiers

PMID35772072
PMCPMC9246398

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.