ArticleMolecular and cellular biochemistry2023
Phloretin inhibits glucose transport and reduces inflammation in human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Article in Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- In vivo and in vitro antidiabetic effects of phlorizin and its green-synthesized phlorizin-selenium nanoparticles in male rats: mechanistic involvements and nanoparticles characterization.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Microbiome interventions combined with artificial humic acid treatments for restoring soil bacterial diversity.Sustainable microbiology · 2026Article
- A tissue-engineered human psoriatic skin model: targeting inflammation and glucose metabolism dysregulation in psoriasis using microneedle patches.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- TXNIP mediates LAT1/SLC7A5 endocytosis to limit amino acid uptake in cells entering quiescence.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- Toward Long-Acting Psoriasis Therapy with Phloretin-Loaded Microneedle Patches: Insights fromACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Glyco Ionic Liquids as Novel Nanoparticle Coatings to Enhance Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Drug Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Renoprotective Effects of Phloretin and TUDCA via Simultaneous Inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and BiP/PERK/CHOP Pathways in AKI Under Diabetic Condition.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Valorization of Apple Pomace: Production of Phloretin Using a Bacterial Cellulose-Immobilized β-Glycosidase.ChemSusChem · 2025Article
- A deep dive into the orchard of health: Exploring the anti-cancer and anti-aging potential of apple polyphenols.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2025Review
- Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and dynamics to assess the synergism of esculetin and phloretin against acute kidney injury-diabetes comorbidity.Molecular diversity · 2025Article
- Phloridzin's Diabetic Wound Healing Potential through DPP-4 Enzyme Inhibition: A Review Article.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Review
- Phloretin attenuates inflammation induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage through regulation of the TLR2/MyD88/NF-kB pathway.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Drug target prediction through deep learning functional representation of gene signatures.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Our Understanding of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Redox Signaling, and the Complement System.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Phloretin Transfersomes for Transdermal Delivery: Design, Optimization, and In Vivo Evaluation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Transdermal Delivery of Phloretin by Gallic Acid Microparticles.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Phloretin, as a Potent Anticancer Compound: From Chemistry to Cellular Interactions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
During age-related macular degeneration (AMD), chronic inflammatory processes, possibly fueled by high glucose levels, cause a breakdown of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), leading to vision loss. Phloretin, a natural dihydroxychalcone found in apples, targets several anti-inflammatory signaling pathways and effectively inhibits transporter-mediated glucose uptake. It could potentially prevent inflammation and cell death of RPE cells through either direct regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways or through amelioration of high glucose levels. To test this hypothesis, ARPE-19 cells were incubated with or without phloretin for 1 h before exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell viability and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured. Glucose uptake was studied using isotope uptake studies. The nuclear levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were determined alongside the phosphorylation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Phloretin pretreatment reduced the LPS-induced release of IL-6 and IL-8 as well as VEGF. Phloretin increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and nuclear translocation of Nrf2. It also inhibited glucose uptake into ARPE-19 cells and the phosphorylation of Jun-activated kinase (JNK). Subsequent studies revealed that Nrf2, but not the inhibition of glucose uptake or JNK phosphorylation, was the main pathway of phloretin's anti-inflammatory activities. Phloretin was robustly anti-inflammatory in RPE cells and reduced IL-8 secretion via activation of Nrf2 but the evaluation of its potential in the treatment or prevention of AMD requires further studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.