ArticleHuman brain mapping2022
Experimental suppression of transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalography sensory potentials.
Article in Human brain mapping, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- A two-system theory of sensory-evoked brain responses.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Clinical utility and prospective of TMS-EEG: Updated review from an international expert group.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Recognizing EEG responses to active TMS vs. sham stimulations in different TMS-EEG datasets: A machine learning approach.NeuroImage · 2026Article
- Investigating the effects of TMS-related somatosensory inputs on TMS-evoked potentials provides evidence against significant interaction.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Exploratory EEG-TMS Study Reveals Altered Behavioral Function in Individuals Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Noninvasive profiling of input-output excitability curves in human prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Theta-burst direct electrical stimulation remodels human brain networks.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Mapping cortical excitability in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Real-time optimization to enhance noninvasive cortical excitability assessment in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Reliability of the TMS-evoked potential in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- Characterising the contribution of auditory and somatosensory inputs to TMS-evoked potentials following stimulation of prefrontal, premotor, and parietal cortex.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Evoked EEG Responses to TMS Targeting Regions Outside the Primary Motor Cortex and Their Test-Retest Reliability.Brain topography · 2024Article
- Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- TMS provokes target-dependent intracranial rhythms across human cortical and subcortical sites.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Reliability and Validity of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Electroencephalography Biomarkers.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2023Review
- Isolating sensory artifacts in the suprathreshold TMS-EEG signal over DLPFC.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Experimental suppression of transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalography sensory potentials.Human brain mapping · 2022Article
- Reduced auditory perception and brain response with quiet TMS coil.Brain stimulationArticle
- TMS-associated auditory evoked potentials can be effectively masked: Evidence from intracranial EEG.Brain stimulationArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The sensory experience of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evokes cortical responses measured in electroencephalography (EEG) that confound interpretation of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). Methods for sensory masking have been proposed to minimize sensory contributions to the TEP, but the most effective combination for suprathreshold TMS to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is unknown. We applied sensory suppression techniques and quantified electrophysiology and perception from suprathreshold dlPFC TMS to identify the best combination to minimize the sensory TEP. In 21 healthy adults, we applied single pulse TMS at 120% resting motor threshold (rMT) to the left dlPFC and compared EEG vertex N100-P200 and perception. Conditions included three protocols: No masking (no auditory masking, no foam, and jittered interstimulus interval [ISI]), Standard masking (auditory noise, foam, and jittered ISI), and our ATTENUATE protocol (auditory noise, foam, over-the-ear protection, and unjittered ISI). ATTENUATE reduced vertex N100-P200 by 56%, "click" loudness perception by 50%, and scalp sensation by 36%. We show that sensory prediction, induced with predictable ISI, has a suppressive effect on vertex N100-P200, and that combining standard suppression protocols with sensory prediction provides the best N100-P200 suppression. ATTENUATE was more effective than Standard masking, which only reduced vertex N100-P200 by 22%, loudness by 27%, and scalp sensation by 24%. We introduce a sensory suppression protocol superior to Standard masking and demonstrate that using an unjittered ISI can contribute to minimizing sensory confounds. ATTENUATE provides superior sensory suppression to increase TEP signal-to-noise and contributes to a growing understanding of TMS-EEG sensory neuroscience.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.